Abstract
This study aims to detect the molluscicidal properties of the pesticides Basudin and Selecron and the phytoalkaloid Colchicine against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails including their infection withSchistosoma mansoni, production of cercariae, the levels of total protein, globulin and albumin and the activities of alanine and aspartate transaminases (AlT and AsT) and acid and alkaline phosphatases (AcP and AkP) enzymes in tissues of treated snails. The molluscicide Bayluscide was used as a reference compound. After 24 h of snails exposure to the tested compounds, Selecron was the most toxic one. Moreover, about 96% death rates of S. mansoni miracidia and cercariae was recorded after 45 min of exposure to the snails' LC90s of Basudin and Selecron. In addition, infection rates of snailswith S. mansoni and cercarial production were reduced post their exposure to LC10 and LC25 of Basudin, Selecron and Bayluscide and to 100 and 250 ppm Colchicine either during or post snails exposure to miracidia. Thus, snails exposure to LC25 of Selecron reduced cercarial production from 795.2 cercariae/control snail to 72.5 cercariae/infected treated snail. The results, also, revealed thattotal protein, globulin and albumin concentrations of treated snails were less than control group, while activities of the enzymes AsT, AlT and AkP were elevated. It is concluded that the tested compounds have deleterious effects on viability of S. mansoni miracidia and cercariae, the snails' biochemical parameters, their infection with this parasite and production of cercariae from infected snails. Then, accidental introduction of such chemicals to irrigation system during agricultural activities could negatively interrupt and/or prevent schistosomiasis transmission. Key words: Pesticides, snails, Schistosoma mansoni, transaminases, phosphatases activities
Highlights
Schistosomiasis remains one of the most public health problems in many developing countries (Kibiki et al., 2004)
The pesticide Selecron showed a marked toxic effect against B. alexandrina snails compared to Basudin and Colchicine
90% death of miracidia was observed after 45 min of exposure to LC90 of Basudin, Selecron and Bayluscide, while no death was seen among specimens of control group
Summary
Schistosomiasis remains one of the most public health problems in many developing countries (Kibiki et al., 2004). The plant pesticides are widely used in agricultural activities (Kreuger, 1999). They usually reach the irrigation and drainage systems causing great deteriorations in the abiotic and biotic components of Diazinon (Basudin) intraperitoneal administration damaged their testes germinal epithelium leading to spermatogenesis failure after 36 hours, infertility can appear (Cabaj et al, 2010). The changes in total protein, albumin and amino acid metabolism in miSSe and rats reflect hepatocellular injury induced by the insecticide Profenofos (Gomes et al., 1999; Yousef et al, 2006). The levels of AlT, AsT, AkP, uric acid, createnine, and blood glucose in the serum of rabbits orally treated with Basudin were significantly increased, whereas total protein and albumin contents were decreased (Salih, 2010)
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