Abstract
Malaria is major vector-borne diseases in southern Iran. The main activity of vector control is indoor residual spraying using pyrethrpids. The study was conducted to evaluate the biological assays of lambdacyhalothrin WP10 at different surfaces of wall. The persistency of lambdacyhalothrin WP10 at 25 mg/m2 was studied on different local surfaces of rooms such as plaster and mud surfaces (sorbent) as well as wooden and thatch roofs (as non-sorbent). Contact bioassays were carried out using world health organization (WHO) standard cones and lab-bred sugar-fed, 48-72 h old females of Anopheles stephensi (Iranshahr strain). In contact bioassays was carried out on sprayed surfaces for 150 days. Contact bioassay on surfaces treated with lambdacyhalothrin WP10 on sorbent surfaces caused 34 to 100% mortality and 76.32 to 100% on non-sorbent surfaces during 120 days evaluation period and the persistency of lambdacyhalothrin WP10 at 25 mg/m2 was estimated about 2.5 months. Fumigant tests of lambdacyhalothrin WP10 revealed 50 to 93.83% mortality with one month persistency. Key words: Lambdacyhalothrin, residual effects, fumigant efficacy, Anopheles stephensi, malaria, Iran.
Highlights
Malaria is the most important infectious disease with the major priority in the health sector
Anopheles culicifacies, Anopheles fluviatilis and Anopheles dthali are the main vector species of southeastern foci, while Anopheles sacharovi and Anopheles maculipennis are included in malaria transmission in northwest focus, and Anopheles superpictus has wide distribution in all malaria foci of the country
Contact bioassay on surfaces treated with lambdacyhalothrin WP10 on sorbent surfaces caused 34 to 100% mortality and 76.32 to 100% on non- sorbent surfaces during 120 days evaluation period, and the persistency of lambdacyhalothrin WP10 at 25 mg/m2 was estimated about 2.5 months
Summary
Malaria is the most important infectious disease with the major priority in the health sector. Malaria cases in Iran are reported from southern and southeastern areas of the country. The latest number of autochthonous cases in the whole country is 42 including 23 local malaria patients, 7 relapsed cases, 12 imported from the other districts by the end of July 2016 (Badirzadeh et al, 2016). These vectors are considered as sibling, genotype and type forms. Anopheles culicifacies, Anopheles fluviatilis and Anopheles dthali are the main vector species of southeastern foci, while Anopheles sacharovi and Anopheles maculipennis are included in malaria transmission in northwest focus, and Anopheles superpictus has wide distribution in all malaria foci of the country
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