Abstract
Keratinase producing bacterium Bacillus megaterium RS1 was obtained from feather dumping site of Rajapalayam. The optimal level of the key variables (starch, feather meal, calcium chloride) was used to determine the effect of their interactions on keratinase production using the statistical tool [(Central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM)]. The second-order quadratic model with the optimum conditions [(starch (1%); feather meal (3%) and calcium chloride (0.02%)] was used. The nearness of the coefficient of determination (R2 = 1.0000) to 1 ensures the satisfactory adjustment of the quadratic model to the experimental data. The maximum keratinase production was 142.9 U/ml. Key words: Keratinase, Central composite design (CCD), response surface methodology (RSM), Bacillus megaterium RS1 starch, feather meal, calcium chloride.
Highlights
The incremental intensification in poultry industry all over the world resulted in the generation of millions of tonnes of chicken feather waste (Williams et al, 1990)
The optimal level of the key variables and the effect of their interacttions on keratinase production were further explored using the Central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM)
The mutual interactions between every two of the three variables which were significant under the optimum condition, the predicted maximum keratinase production were calculated as 142.9 U/ml
Summary
The incremental intensification in poultry industry all over the world resulted in the generation of millions of tonnes of chicken feather waste (Williams et al, 1990). Keratin a hard to degrade insoluble animal protein represents 90% of this keratinous waste (Bockle et al, 1995) This group of proteolytic enzymes which are able to hydrolyze insoluble keratins more efficiently than other proteases called keratinases and these belong to the extracellular enzymes (Rao et al, 1998). They are classified into various groups based on whether they are acidic, neutral or alkaline conditions. High cysteine content is the most important property that differentiates keratins from other structural protein such as collagen and elastin (Sivakumar et al., 2012) These are poorly susceptible to digestion by enzymes such as trypsin, pepsin and papain (Gupta and Ramani, 2006). Response surface methodology (RSM) is a useful tool which integrates mathematical and statistical approaches to analyze the effects of defined independent variables on the response without the need for prior knowledge of a predetermined
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