Abstract
Drechslera bicolor (Mitra.) Subram. and Jain, cause of leaf blight in bell pepper [Capsicum annuum var. grossum (L.) Sendt.], leads to necrotic lesions, early leaf senescence and yield losses. Detailed physiological analysis can contribute to an improved understanding of bell pepper disease interaction and cultivar improvement. D. bicolor produced maximum toxin in Richards’ medium and toxin was found most active at 25±2°C, pH 6.0 and 100% relative humidity. Different hosts were screened for disease resistance and it was observed that the partial purified toxin showed some degree of host specificity. Fungal toxin was able to produce symptoms in all the tested hosts with the main infected host being bell pepper. Prominent symptoms of chlorosis and wilting were observed on chilli followed by tomato, brinjal and lady finger. The detached leaf dip method followed by carborundum abrasion method was found to be the best inoculation methods in the production of wilting and chlorosis in bell pepper. These results indicated that the maintenance of physiological function during leaf blight infection could result in improved bell pepper yields under diseased conditions. Key words: Capsicum annuum var. grossum, leaf blight, physiology, phytotoxin, bioassay.
Highlights
Effect of env vironmental factors f s on to oxin prroductiion of Drechs slera bicolor b r, a cau usal ag gent off leaf b blight in bell pepper p r
The detach hed leaf dip method folllowed by ca arborundum abrasion method was found to be b the best in noculation methods m in th he productio on of wilting and chloros sis in bell pepper
Chlorosis, wilting and toxin production were found at 25±2°C followed by 30±2°C
Summary
Horticultural Farm, MPUAT, Udaipur and monoconidial culture maintained on potato dextrose agar slants for further studies. Temperature, pH and relative humidity for growth, sporulation and toxin production. Synthetic and semi-synthetic sterilized liquid media were examined under similar conditions of pH, temperature and incubation period, to find out the most suitable medium for all further studies. The effect of six different temperatures viz., 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ± 2°C on the growth, sporulation and production of toxin was examined. Observations of sporulation and weight of mycelial growth were recorded. Evaluation of suitable pH for maximum growth and toxin production was done using flasks containing 25 ml Richard's medium adjusted to six different pH levels. The growth of fungus at different pH was measured by determining mycelial dry weight and sporulation was measured under low microscopic field.
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