English

Abstract

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is an emergency condition presenting with abdominal pain and is usually associated with increased pancreatic enzyme levels in blood or urine as an outcome of inflammatory disease of pancreas showing characteristic findings of pancreatic inflammation on contrast enhanced computerized tomography (CECT). The severity of the disease varies widely from mild disease needing conservative treatment to severe and complicated disease with high morbidity and mortality. We intend to determine the current trends in the diagnosis and management of acute pancreatitis in M.K.C.G Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha. METHODS This was a prospective observational study. All the patients of acute pancreatitis of both the sexes and of different ages, who were admitted in the Department of General Surgery of M.K.C.G. Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Ganjam, Odisha from August 2018 to July 2020 (including 6 months of follow up period) were included in this study. RESULTS Out of 80 patients in our study group, 68 patients (85 %) were males with mean age of 39.06 years. Pain was the most common mode of presentation (100 %) followed by nausea and vomiting (92.5 %), abdominal distension (43.8 %), fever (18.8 %) and jaundice (5 %). Lipase supported the diagnosis in 78.8 % cases while amylase in 67.5 % cases. CECT had a sensitivity of 100 %, specificity of 80 % in diagnosing acute pancreatitis while ultrasonography (USG) had a sensitivity of 89.3 %. Majority of the patients were managed conservatively (86.25 %) whereas only 13.75 % patients required surgical management. CONCLUSIONS The most common aetiological factor in acute pancreatitis is alcohol consumption and the most accurate diagnostic investigation is serum lipase and CECT abdomen. Most of the cases were mild to moderate and were managed conservatively. Octreotide has a definite role in medical treatment of acute pancreatitis. KEYWORDS Pancreatitis, Alcohol, Cholecystitis