Abstract
This study investigated the changes of five endogenous hormones in the shoot apex and the white bases of D-leaf during the inflorescence induction and development of ‘Smooth Cayenne’ pineapple, using 14-month-old pot-grown plants as material and ethephon as flower forcing agent. Results showed that application of ethephon increased the level of endogenous ethylene (C2H4), abscisic acid (ABA) and 2-isopentyl adenine (2-iP) while it decreased the concentration of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3) and zeatin (ZT), and led to the transition of vegetative growth to inflorescence initiation. After inflorescence initiation, the contents of C2H4, ABA and 2-iP declined but the contents of IAA, ABA and ZT increased. These results indicated that low levels of IAA, GA3 and ZT and high levels of C2H4, ABA and 2-iP facilitated inflorescence initiation, while high levels of ZT, IAA and GA3 and low levels of C2H4 and ABA facilitated inflorescence development. Key words: Pineapple, inflorescence initiation, inflorescence development, endogenous hormone.
Highlights
Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merril) is native to southern Brazil and Paraguay
Results showed that application of ethephon increased the level of endogenous ethylene (C2H4), abscisic acid (ABA) and 2-isopentyl adenine (2-iP) while it decreased the concentration of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3) and zeatin (ZT), and led to the transition of vegetative growth to inflorescence initiation
The contents of C2H4, ABA and 2-iP declined but the contents of IAA, ABA and ZT increased. These results indicated that low levels of IAA, GA3 and ZT and high levels of C2H4, ABA and 2-iP facilitated inflorescence initiation, while high levels of ZT, IAA and GA3 and low levels of C2H4 and ABA facilitated inflorescence development
Summary
Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merril) is native to southern Brazil and Paraguay. Its pulp and products are very popular and widely consumed by all the people over the world. As a kind of herbaceous perennial plant, the spike-like inflorescence exerts from the leaf bunches on the top develops to a multiple accessory fruit (Bartholomew et al, 2003). The flowering initiation of pineapple plants is affected by the plant weight, varieties and environment conditions (Cunha, 2005). If the plants are too small they cannot be induced to flower successfully even if treated with ethephon (Van de Poel et al, 2009).
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