Abstract
Cognitive impairment is the major health problem particularly in elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of cognitive impairment and associated factors among type 2 diabetics in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, 2016. Comparative cross sectional study was employed among 105 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 105 matched healthy individuals at Jimma University Specialized Hospital using consecutive sampling technique. Mini-mental state examination scale was used to measure cognitive function. Frequency, independent t-test, and logistic regression were carried to present data. Variables with p≤0.05 were considered as significant association between dependent and outcome variables. Prevalence of cognitive impairment among type 2 diabetes mellitus was higher than healthy individuals (53.3%). Age, occupations, fasting blood glucose level, and type of treatment options for diabetics were the predictors of cognitive impairment among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The prevalence of cognitive impairment among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was significantly higher than non-diabetes study participants. This study was intended to offer information on cognitive impairment and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients to concerned bodies in designing diagnosis and management strategies particularly focusing on counseling in preventing risk factors. Key words: Cognitive impairment, type 2 diabetes mellitus, mini-mental state examination, Ethiopia.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine disorder due to disturbance of insulin hormone
Non-diabetes study subjects had a higher income than Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients
The mean body mass index was significantly higher among T2DM patients than non-diabetes study subjects as predict (Table 1)
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine disorder due to disturbance of insulin hormone. Predictors of cognitive impairment as evidenced from the study in Pakistan (Musleh et al, 2014) and in India (Sengupta et al, 2014) were age, sex, educational level, area of residence, marital status, unemployment, poverty and chronic illness like hypertension and DM. A study in Korea showed a higher prevalence of cognitive impairment among elderly T2DM patients and predictors were age, educational background and systolic blood pressure (Lee et al, 2014; Mavrodaris et al, 2013). An observational study in 2011 at Tikur Anbesa Referral Hospital, Ethiopia, showed 45% prevalence of cognitive impairment (29.6% mild and 15.4% moderate) among T2DM patients (Tefera et al, 2013)
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