Abstract
Nosocomial pulmonary infections are a major public health problem. The retrospective study was carried out on medical records of 140 patients aged 59.4±32.2, 0.29 (mean ± sd, SEM) years, admitted at Peltier hospital, Djibouti, between May 5, 2018 and April 30, 2020, and who developed nosocomial pulmonary infections after 48 h of admission. The objective was to establish incidence of nosocomial pulmonary infections, identify the causative agents, and establish appropriate antimicrobial regimens to improve case management. Tracheobronchial secretions were cultured on appropriate culture media and antimicrobial susceptibility testing done on bacteria isolates. About 9(6.4%) cultures were sterile, 21(15%) and 110(78.6%) had Candida albicans and polymicrobial infection respectively. The study established that 80.9% of nosocomial pneumonia during the study period was due to gram negative bacilli, while 14.6% was due to Staphylococcus aureus. Cefotaxime and Colistin were the drugs of choice for P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii respectively. Key words: Nosocomial pulmonary infections, protected specimen brush, prevalence, bacterial resistance, hospital, Djibouti.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONNosocomial infections are acquired infections during hospital stay that were neither present nor in incubation at the time of patient admission
Nosocomial infections are acquired infections during hospital stay that were neither present nor in incubation at the time of patient admission (Pan American HealthOrganization, 2018)
Infections caused by multidrug resistant gram negative bacteria are a major public health problem in developing countries (Adesola et al, 2020; Ali et al, 2020; Aworh et al, 2019; Horsefall et al, 2017)
Summary
Nosocomial infections are acquired infections during hospital stay that were neither present nor in incubation at the time of patient admission Causative agents are often resistant to available antibiotics and their prognosis is grave (Haroon et al, 2020; Hassuna et al., 2020). Infections caused by multidrug resistant gram negative bacteria are a major public health problem in developing countries (Adesola et al, 2020; Ali et al., 2020; Aworh et al, 2019; Horsefall et al, 2017). The objective of the retrospective study was to establish incidence of nosocomial pulmonary infections, identify the causative agents, and establish appropriate antimicrobial regimens to improve case management at Peltier hospital, Djibouti. The frequency and economic challenges of nosocomial infections motivated the undertaking of this study
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