Abstract
The objectives of this study were to analyze the secondary metabolites of Penicillium expansum and evaluate antibacterial activity. Twenty eight bioactive compounds were identified in the methanolic extract of P. expansum. The identification of bioactive chemical compounds is based on the peak area, retention time molecular weight and molecular formula. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of P. expansum revealed the existence of the Levoglucosenone, Edulan ll, 4-[Dichloromethyl]-2-[[2-[1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl]ethyl]amino-6-trichloro, 1,2-Cyclopentanedione, Ethanethiol, 2-(5-(4-methyl-2-pyridyloxy)pentyl)amino-hydrogen su, Imidazole,2-amino-5-[(2-carboxy)vinyl], D-Glucose,6-O-α-D-galactopyranosyl, Eicosanoic acid , phenylmethyl ester, Dodecanoic acid, 3- hydroxyl, DL-Leucine,N-glycyl, Cyclohexene,1,5,5-trimethyl-6-acetylmethyl, 1,2-Nonadecanediol, Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid isobutyl-amide, 6-Acetyl-s-d-mannose, α-D-Glucopyranoside,O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1.fwdarw.3)-s-D-fruc, propanedioic acid, amino-diethyl ester, 4H-Pyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl, valeric acid, dodecyl ester, deoxyspergualin, I-Gala-I-ido-octonic lactone, 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, paromomycin, 16-Nitrobicyclo[10.4.0]hexadecane-1-ol-13-one, cis-Vaccenic acid, 2-Bromotetradecanoic acid, phthalic acid, butyl undecyl ester, picrotoxin, D-Fructose and diethyl mercaptal. The FTIR analysis of P. expansum proved the presence of aliphatic fluoro compounds, tetiary amine, C-N stretch and methylene-CH. asym which shows major peaks at 1028.06, 1151.50 and 2852.72, respectively. Methanolic extract of bioactive compounds of P. expansum were assayed for in vitro antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aerogenosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia by using the diffusion method in agar. The zones of inhibition were compared with different standard antibiotics. S. aureus has maximum zone formation (7.01±0.141) mm. Key words: Antimicrobial activity, metabolites, bioactive compounds, GC-MS, FT-IR, P. expansum.
Highlights
The genus Penicillium is known worldwide for the production of secondary metabolites (Pitt and Hocking, 1997)
After the species were identified by the identification key, spores were grown in a liquid culture of potato dextrose broth (PDB) and incubated at 25°C in a shaker for 16 days at 130 rpm (Usha and Masilamani, 2013)
The secondary metabolites were produced by isolated microorganisms
Summary
The genus Penicillium is known worldwide for the production of secondary metabolites (Pitt and Hocking, 1997). Penicillium expansum has been demonstrated to produce extracellular enzymes of commercial value, including the pectinases, utilized in fruit juice industry during the stage of pulp maceration, juice liquefaction or depectinization (Rosenberger et al, 1991; BaracatPereira et al, 1989), Patulin, a mutagenic, immunoitoxic. They are supremely undemanding being able to grow in almost any environment with a sprinkling of mineral salts, any but with the most complex forms of organic carbon, and a wide range of physical-chemical environments, temperature, pH and redox potential. The aims of this study were to analyze the secondary metabolites and evaluation of antibacterial activity
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