Abstract
This study aims to carry out a bacteriological characterization and determine the resistance profile of Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated during the epidemiological season of 2020 in Benin. To achieve this goal, 43 diarrheal stool samples were analyzed. The samples were taken during the epidemic period of 2020. Bacteriological analyses consisted of enrichment of the samples in buffered peptone water followed by culture on SBCT agar. Then the characteristic colonies were subjected to microscopy, biochemical identification (oxidase, seeding and reading of TSI agar and API 20 E gallery), serotyping, and antibiotic sensitivity tests using the diffusion technique in agar medium according Kirby-Bauer method. The median age of the patients included in this study was 25 years (IQR: 15-40) with predominantly female patients. Individuals aged 11 to 25 were the most represented. Of the 43 stool samples analyzed, 22 were culture positive for V. cholerae and belonged to serogroup O1. The clinical manifestations observed in patients with cholera were watery diarrhea, vomiting and severe dehydration before admission to hospital. It should be noted that all of V. cholerae O1 strains isolated were multidrug resistant with a strong resistance to erythromycin (81.13%), ampicillin (79.96%), chloramphenicol (79.06%), and cotrimoxazole (78.12%). Key words: Bacteriological analyses, Vibrio cholerae O1, antimicrobial resistance, Benin.
Highlights
Cholera is a very virulent and fatal diarrheal disease caused by ingestion of water or food contaminated with the bacteria Vibrio cholerae (Levade et al, 2017)
Blacklock et al (2015) showed that there were more women than men admitted to the Referral Hospital during the cholera epidemic in 2012 in Sierra Leone
As for Danso et al, (2020), they showed that the patients involved in the cholera epidemics in southern Ghana from 2012 to 2015 were mostly men (54.9%), which justify the conclusion according to which the occurrence of cholera in an individual did not depend on sex
Summary
Cholera is a very virulent and fatal diarrheal disease caused by ingestion of water or food contaminated with the bacteria Vibrio cholerae (Levade et al, 2017). Vibrio strains can grow and remain for a long time in coastal waters polluted by human feces (Gidado et al, 2018). Seven cholera pandemics have been recorded worldwide.
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