Abstract
Mexico is the fourth largest producer of mango and the leading exporter worldwide, and cv ‘Ataulfo’ is the largest area sown in the country. New cultivars are required to maintain production, ensure competitiveness, and mitigate problems with pests and diseases. The purpose of the present study was to identify microsatellite (SSR) markers in zygotic and nucellar seedlings originated by the largest embryo in mango seeds, cultured in vitro. DNA was extracted from the foliar tissue of 18 seedlings from four different populations, and its origin was identified with six SSRs: MIAC-4, MIAC-5, mMiCIR003, mMiCIR030, LMMA1, and LMMA9. The number of alleles found varied from two to three, and allele size ranged from 95 to 325 bp. Based on the polymorphism taking place in microsatellites and genetic similarity index (GSI) data, more than 15% of the analyzed seedlings were found to be different from the female parent. Based on Nei’s genetic distance and UPGMA cluster analysis, the genetic variability among the four populations was 6.2%. Key words: Mangifera indica L., polyembryony, microsatellites.
Highlights
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is the sixth most important fruit tree in terms of production and the second most important tropical crop in terms of economic importance worldwide, surpassed only by bananas (FAO, 2016)
Given that microsatellite markers are specific, highly polymorphic, and codominant, they are more efficient than random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers for studies involving diversity or intraspecific relationships (Duval et al, 2005; Azmat et al, 2016); the purpose of the present study was to identify zygotic seedlings produced by the largest embryos in seeds from Oaxaca, Guerrero, Nayarit, and Sinaloa (México)
The present study focused on six microsatellite loci: MIAC-4, MIAC5, mMiCIR003, mMiCIR030, LMMA1, and LMMA9, proposed by Arellano-Durán (2017)
Summary
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is the sixth most important fruit tree in terms of production and the second most important tropical crop in terms of economic importance worldwide, surpassed only by bananas (FAO, 2016). New mango cultivars are required to maintain production, ensure competitiveness, and avoid problems associated with pests and diseases (Khan et al, 2015). Most mango cultivars are bred based on a selection of plants obtained by open and controlled pollination (Ruiz, 2020). In Mexico, the predominant type of cultivar is Ataulfo. This cultivar is polyembryonic, that is, a zygotic embryo and several nucellar embryos may be present in the seed to maintain the genetic constitution of the mother plant (Johri et al, 1992; Hand and Koltunow, 2014; Wang et al, 2017). Nucellar embryony is favorable for propagation by grafting since it allows the production
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