Abstract
The present study investigated the phytochemical constituents of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius leaves extracts and its anti-hypercholesterolemia potentials using standard analytical methods. Forty five male albino rats weighing (115-121 g), divided into nine groups of five rats were used. Group I served as the control while the other groups were administered 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg body weight of aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts. GC-MS analysis showed 3,7,1,5-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, farnesyl bromide, β–sitosterol, squalene, β-amyrin, 1-heptatriacotanol, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 2-pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl- ,n-hexadecanoic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoyl chloride, (Z,Z, δ- tocopherol, Ergosta-5,22-dien-3-ol acetate, (3β,22E)-, 9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene-3,24,25-triol, (3β,5Z,7E)-acetamide, N-methyl-N-[4-(3-hydroxypyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-, 1-gala-I-ido-octose, 10-methyl-E-11-tridecen-1-ol propionate, dodecanoic acid, 2-(acetyloxy)-1-[(acetyloxy)methyl]ethyl ester, 11,14-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, cyclopentaneundecanoic acid and methyl ester. Lipid profile showed significant reduction in TC, LDL and TG with increase in HDL in dose dependent ratio. This shows that extracts of this plant could be useful in treatment of coronary heart diseases. Key words: Phytochemicals,hypercholesterolemia, Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, potentials.
Highlights
The use of medicinal plants in disease treatment has attracted the interest of man as these plants serve as potential sources of natural compounds with biological activities
The preliminary phytochemical results above shows the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavoniods, oxalate and in aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts while ethanol leaf extract shows the absence of cyanogenic glycosides which was present in aqueous leaf extract (Table 1)
Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester was found with area peak of 2.705 with retention time of 12.436. 2Pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl- with area peak of 2.556 and retention time of 11.490 was detected. n
Summary
The use of medicinal plants in disease treatment has attracted the interest of man as these plants serve as potential sources of natural compounds with biological activities. In developing countries, man has tried to lessen pain or treat diseases using plants with medicinal properties (Sakpa and Okhimamhe, 2014; Hussein et al, 2016). Dhanalakshmi and Manavalan (2014) posited that plants owing to its medicinal efficacy have continued to play a dominant role in the maintenance of human health. Plants derived medicine has been a part of the evolution of human healthcare for thousands of years (Sowmya et al, 2015). According to Ebeye et al (2015), many people have for centuries developed various herbal medicines using locally available plants as remedy to their health problems. According to Ebeye et al (2015), many people have for centuries developed various herbal medicines using locally available plants as remedy to their health problems. Oluwatosin et al (2011) reported that herbal medicines
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