Abstract
The expansion in population and in parallel in the urban sphere has caused radical changes in the structure of landscapes. This study investigates the effects of expansion in the urban sphere and diversity in area use on cultural landscapes in Bursa. Analyses of urban landscape change are maintained by the comparison of two plans of Central Metropolitan Planning Zone made 19-years apart and the chronological assessment of city plans prepared in country planning hierarchy. Comparisons and assessments are made with GIS (geographical information system). Even though the limits of planning expanded within years and the plans made preservation offers related with cultural landscaping with agricultural areas first on the list, it is seen that the use of urban and rural landscaping has varied and therefore cultural landscapes have changed in an unsustainable manner. It is concluded that in order to be able to put forward sustainable development strategies for cultural landscapes the changes in landscapes should be analyzed and landscapes be defined. Key words: Bursa, landscape change, cultural landscape, urban landscape, rural landscape.
Highlights
The improvement in agriculture, population growth and the increase in the number of cities, occurred hand-inhand throughout the history and more intensely in the previous century
This study investigates the effects of expansion in the urban sphere and diversity in area use on cultural landscapes in Bursa
Analyses of urban landscape change are maintained by the comparison of two plans of Central Metropolitan Planning Zone made 19-years apart and the chronological assessment of city plans prepared in country planning hierarchy
Summary
The improvement in agriculture, population growth and the increase in the number of cities, occurred hand-inhand throughout the history and more intensely in the previous century. While the ratio of the people living in cities with a population of 100.000 or more to the world population was 1.7 in 1800s, it increased to 13.1 in 1950 This transformation which is realized in the level of population, scale and area change in the urbanization process has extended surface of the urban influence and brought the city values to selfsufficient villages which are, until that day, having a lifecycle almost basically similar to that of Neolithic culture. These changes affected the size definition of the cities. Most important of all is the fact that the structuring and multiplication of the cities as such has vastly affected the balance between the urban population and agricultural population (Mumford, 2007)
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