Abstract
ContextIn recent years, rural landscapes have played an increasingly important role in the fields of tourism, cultural heritage and ecology. Rural landscape research (RLR), which is characterized by diversity and complexity, has attracted more and more attention from researchers.ObjectivesThis study integrated the main research contents of RLR in the past 30 years by arranging the relevant research results and analyzing the research progress of RLR in order to understand the development trend of RLR, the distribution of research power, research hotspots and frontal research.Methods3740 relevant literatures from 1931 to 2020 were filtrated from the WoS Core Collection Database. Those papers were quantitatively data mined and qualitatively summarized by using Bibliometrics software for mapping and analysis.Results(1) The number of articles related to RLR increased exponentially over time. The average citations per paper increased fastest from 2002 to 2005. According to the characteristics of the number of articles and the average citations per paper, RLR can be divided into three stages from 1990 to 2020: the first stage is from 1990 to 1999; the second stage is from 2000 to 2008; the third stage is from 2009 to 2020. The second stage of RLR has attracted the most international attention among three stages. (2) According to the results of research strength analysis, Europe has a great influence in RLR. The Common Agricultural Policy and the European Landscape Convention are the main driving forces for the change of rural landscape in Europe. (3) At present, the five hotspots of RLR are rural landscape planning and management, cultural ecosystem services, urban-rural conflict, the sustainable development of rural cultural heritage landscape and the impact of landscape structure on habitat.ConclusionsRural landscape research was originally developed based on geography and ecology but has now developed to a comprehensive research direction of multidisciplinary and multi-methods with social, economic, culture and other elements. At present, the object of RLR covers the ecological landscape, production landscape, and cultural landscape of rural landscape system; the content of RLR has shifted from static pattern of rural landscape to dynamic evolution process, urban-rural conflict, cultural ecosystem service and multifunctional landscape trade-off; the research paradigm of RLR has changed from single dimension to multi-dimensional, and combined with “3S” technology and various landscape ecological model software. The correlation and mechanism should be studied between the rural landscape multifunctionality based on the perspective of multidisciplinary research and rural landscape system in the future, and carry out dynamic monitoring and trend simulation, so as to clarify the thinking and paths of rural landscape multi-functional trade-off and guide the sustainable development of rural areas.
Highlights
IntroductionRural landscape is a composite system composed of human-social-natural (Yang et al 2018a), which has the characteristics of both urban landscape and natural landscape, both settlements, commercial centers formed by the rural settlements, and farmland, orchards, waters formed by the natural scenery, natural mixed distribution with residential, local culture and natural scenery, the formation of a unique landscape culture
Landscape & Urban Planning journals fit the theme of rural landscape research (RLR). (3) The five hotspots of RLR are: rural cultural landscape and rural development; rural tourism landscape, the matching of landscape value and landscape perception; urban-rural interaction, land use change and landscape pattern conflict; change of ecosystem service value; rural landscape planning, protection and management
From the perspective of multidisciplinary research, from the perspective of rural landscape system, the correlation and mechanism between rural landscape multifunctionality, and dynamic monitoring and trend simulation, help to clarify the rural landscape multi-functional trade-off ideas and paths to guide the sustainable development of rural areas
Summary
Rural landscape is a composite system composed of human-social-natural (Yang et al 2018a), which has the characteristics of both urban landscape and natural landscape, both settlements, commercial centers formed by the rural settlements, and farmland, orchards, waters formed by the natural scenery, natural mixed distribution with residential, local culture and natural scenery, the formation of a unique landscape culture. In addition to environmental and land use changes, rural cultural landscapes have been affected by urbanization, many of which have been added to the UNESCO World Heritage List (Gullino and Larcher 2013; Ridding et al 2018). Terraced landscapes——an ancient best practice that puts it at potential risk of soil degradation due to wasteland (Tarolli et al 2014; Tucci et al 2019). All these problems cause losses to the social value, ecological value and aesthetic value of rural landscape. Rural areas provide food and cash crops, and are losing a treasure trove of traditional land knowledge
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