Abstract
To assess the in vitro biological activity and chemical constituents of Euphorbia perbracteata using different polar solvents, the phytochemical constituents were screened and total phenols, antioxidants, flavonoids content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and IC50 values were calculated. Antimicrobial assay was carried out by using disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined against Gram-positive (4), Gram-negative (4) and fungal (1) human pathogenic strains. The results showed that the extracts possessed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity with significant MIC values which ranged from 156 to 312 µg/ml. Total phenols (5.163 ± 0.573), antioxidants (2.589 ± 0.115 mg/g Dw) and IC50 values for DPPH free radical scavenging activity (12.953 µg/ml) was calculated. The observations substantiate the folk claims and the significant biological properties prompted to carry out further studies to isolate the bioactive principles involved in the property which is under progress. Key words: Euphorbia perbracteata, chemical constituents, antitumor, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), biological activities.
Highlights
Euphorbiaceae is the largest family among the anthophyta, represented with 300 genera and 5,000 species all over the world
The genus Euphorbia, with characteristic flower structure, has strong representation in the humid tropics of both hemispheres and consists of 2,000 species ranging from annuals to trees (Binojkumar and Balakrishnan, 2010; Pullaiah, 2006)
Total phenolic values were expressed in terms of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) in milligrams per gram plant extract
Summary
Euphorbiaceae is the largest family among the anthophyta, represented with 300 genera and 5,000 species all over the world. The crude drug samples of Euphorbia perbracteata were screened for qualitative and quantitative analysis for secondary metabolites like total phenol content, total flavonoids, total antioxidants and free radical scavenging activity. The extract was subjected for biological activites including antitumor activity, antimicrobial and brine shrimp assay.
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