Engineering Corynebacterium glutamicum for the production of pyruvate

Abstract

A Corynebacterium glutamicum strain with inactivated pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and a deletion of the gene encoding the pyruvate:quinone oxidoreductase produces about 19mM L: -valine, 28mM L: -alanine and about 55mM pyruvate from 150mM glucose. Based on this double mutant C. glutamicum △aceE △pqo, we engineered C. glutamicum for efficient production of pyruvate from glucose by additional deletion of the ldhA gene encoding NAD(+)-dependent L: -lactate dehydrogenase (LdhA) and introduction of a attenuated variant of the acetohydroxyacid synthase (△C-T IlvN). The latter modification abolished overflow metabolism towards L: -valine and shifted the product spectrum to pyruvate production. In shake flasks, the resulting strain C. glutamicum △aceE △pqo △ldhA △C-T ilvN produced about 190mM pyruvate with a Y (P/S) of 1.36mol per mol of glucose; however, it still secreted significant amounts of L: -alanine. Additional deletion of genes encoding the transaminases AlaT and AvtA reduced L: -alanine formation by about 50%. In fed-batch fermentations at high cell densities with adjusted oxygen supply during growth and production (0-5% dissolved oxygen), the newly constructed strain C. glutamicum △aceE △pqo △ldhA △C-T ilvN △alaT △avtA produced more than 500mM pyruvate with a maximum yield of 0.97mol per mole of glucose and a productivity of 0.92mmolg ((CDW)) (-1) h(-1) (i.e., 0.08gg((CDW)) (-1)h(-1)) in the production phase.