Energy-efficiency and safety-driven multidimensional evolutionary game for AGVs transportation at automated container terminals

Abstract

The velocity, acceleration, and number (VAN11VAN: The velocity, acceleration, and number.) of AGVs are crucial factors that impact the efficiency, energy consumption, and safety (EES22EES: The efficiency, energy consumption, and safety.3 ACT: Automated container terminal.) of horizontal transport in automated container terminals (ACT3s). This study utilizes multidimensional and evolutionary game theories to address these factors. Specifically, it considers the probability of AGV fault, treats the resulting faults as input costs, and regards the managers' decision preferences as benefits. According to different strategy combinations, a multidimensional evolutionary game based AGVs transportation model is established to analyze their effects on EES. Stability analysis and numerical simulation show that various strategy choices influence the evolutionary trends in EES of horizontal transportation. The findings demonstrate that reasonably setting the VAN of AGVs in the right range for a certain number of tasks can maximize the benefits of EES. The increases in efficiency and energy consumption benefits would accelerate the modification of velocity and acceleration strategies. The rise in safety benefit would also enhance the probability of adjusting AGV number. As the fault probability increases, the benefits for EES decreases. This study provides management insights into scheduling optimization and strategic adjustment for ACTs.