Energy utilization of by-products from the soybean oil industry by broiler chickens: acidulated soapstock, lecithin, glycerol and their mixture

JEM Peña,L Borsatti,C Pontin,HV Rios,SL Vieira

doi:10.1590/1516-635x1604437-442

Abstract

Acidulated soy soapstock (ASS) and lecithin (LEC) are by-products from processing soy oil (SO) for human consumption, whereas glycerol (GLY) can be obtained through the transesterification of vegetable oils during the production of biodiesel. These are valuable by-products for poultry feeds that have been underutilized in many parts of the world. One study was conducted to estimate the AMEn of ASS, LEC, GLY as well as of their mixture (MIX: 85% ASS, 5% LEC and 10% GLY). Two hundred and sixty Cobb 500 female broilers of 20 days of age were housed in steel wire battery cages in a controlled temperature room for broilers. A completely randomized (energy sources x fat inclusion level) factorial design was applied, with 4 replicates of three birds per treatment. Birds were fed a corn-soybean meal control diet without supplemental fat or with the addition of 2, 4, or 6 % of the four energy sources. Total excreta collection was performed from 26 to 28 days. The AMEn values of by-products were calculated using regression analysis as well as by the difference method. The average AMEn values calculated by regression analysis were: 9,232, 7,502, 5,447 and 8,404, whereas results with the difference method were: 7,951, 6,579, 3,979 and 8,101 kcal/kg for, in both cases for ASS, LEC, GLY and MIX, respectively. It is concluded that these energy sources can be for broilers and that there are significant differences between the methods used to estimate AMEn of fats.

Highlights

Several by-products are obtained during the processing of soy oil (SO) for human consumption, as well as through its transesterification required for biodiesel production
Fat level had a significant effect on apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) content of diets and fat sources (p
Starting on day 25, total excreta were collected for 72 h, and homogenized, weighed, and frozen (-18 °C)

Summary

Introduction

Several by-products are obtained during the processing of soy oil (SO) for human consumption, as well as through its transesterification required for biodiesel production. By-products from these processes are generally cheap and are sometimes used in poultry feeds and include lecithin (LEC), acidulated soy soapstock (ASS), and glycerol (GLY). SO needs to be previously neutralized before being sold for human consumption. This neutralization entails a chemical reaction with alkali, and as a result, around 6% of the original fat is a mixture of free fatty acids and mono and diglycerides (Vieira et al, 2002). Values of AMEn of ASS for poultry vary with their oil of origin (Pardio et al, 2001; Vieira et al, 2002; Machado et al, 2003). Important amounts of tocopherols can be found in ASS (Pardio et al, 2001)

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