Abstract
Southeast Asia currently faces a huge increase in energy consumption and serious environmental issues. A widely underutilized and still unexplored potential of these countries lies in residual biomass. In the present research, the production quantities and energy yields of the most abundant agricultural byproducts in Vietnam, i.e., rice straw, rice husks, sugarcane bagasse and sugarcane trash, were calculated. Total crop yield, residues ratio and net calorific values of the wet basis biomass served as input parameters for the calculations. Moreover, the results were found for individual regions and provinces of the country. The findings show that the production of paddy rice straw is an enormous 97 million tons per year with an energy potential of over 380 TWh, as well as another 9 million tons yearly and 35 TWh in the case of rice husks. More than half of rice biomass production is concentrated in the Mekong River Delta region. Harvesting and processing of sugarcane annually generates about 5 million tons of bagasse and over 3.5 million tons of sugarcane trash with the total energy potential of about 27 TWh, which is primarily available in the central regions of Vietnam. The detailed laboratory determination of fuel-energy properties of studied materials, such as gross and net calorific value, volatile matter, ash and moisture content and contents of chemical elements was also carried out. Based on the research results and literature analysis, the possibilities of biofuel production and energy utilization of the above-mentioned residues are discussed.
Highlights
Due to economic growth and an increase in population density, Vietnam faces a tremendous rise in energy consumption [1]
Constant for rice straw is 2.2, and it has been calculated as an average value of rice straw residues according to previous studies [15,31]; Constant for rice husks is 0.2, the value was obtained from the previous studies [15,32]; Constant for sugarcane bagasse is 0.3, the value was gained from previous publications [33,34]; Constant for sugarcane trash is 0.2, the value was extracted from the previous studies [35,36]
As distinct from rice straw, rice husks come with numerous advantages—husks are typically collected at the factory level, very dry and with very low moisture content, not requiring preprocessing [16]
Summary
Due to economic growth and an increase in population density, Vietnam faces a tremendous rise in energy consumption [1]. Primary energy consumption in rural Vietnam relies strongly on biomass [2], representing the country’s largest renewable energy source. Is to continue stable production on up to 300,000 ha with increasing sugar output and Sugarcane yields areyields high, about. Energy utilization of residual biomass seems to be an optimal solution for sustainable waste management and enhancing the country’s energy security via local and renewable sources. This study’s main objective was to investigate the energy potential as well as production quantities and fuel properties of the foremost biomass residues in Vietnam. Energy utilization of residual biomass seems to be an optimal solution for sustainable waste managementand and Methods enhancing the country’s energy security via local and renewable.
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