Energy Portfolio of the Eastern Poland Macroregion in the European Union

Izabela Horzela,Sławomir Gromadzki,Tomasz Kownacki,Marzena Piotrowska-Trybull,Jarosław Gryz,Radosław Wisniewski,Aneta Nowakowska-Krystman

doi:10.3390/en14248426

Izabela Horzela, Sławomir Gromadzki + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248426

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Journal: Energies	Publication Date: Dec 14, 2021
Citations: 4	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Ciechanowie

Abstract

The European Union’s New Green Deal generates changes in the socio-economic development of regions. An element of this change is the transformation of the regional profiles of the energy portfolio towards more pro-ecological ones. The aim of this article is to identify the conditions and reasons for the transformation of the energy portfolio of the Eastern Poland macroregion, and to define the directions of the energy portfolio evolution caused by the need to implement the goals of the European Green Deal by 2030, in order to consequently develop the forecast energy portfolio for the Eastern Poland macroregion. It has been assumed that the energy transformation of the Eastern Poland macroregion will be implemented through gradual transformation of the energy portfolio towards dispersed sources of local and civic energy. The research is based on both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative research was carried out on the basis of the diagnostic survey method with the use of the proprietary questionnaire as well as with the analysis of the content of strategic documents of the voivodships included in the Eastern Poland macroregion. The basis for the preparation of research questions was the extended PEST method which stands for: political, economic, socio-cultural, technological. Research efforts were focused on developing an energy portfolio for the region using the assumptions of the Boston consulting group matrix (a strategic planning tool). The originality of the conducted research consists in the adaptation of the BCG matrix to the development of the forecast energy portfolio and the preparation of a proposal for the aggregated energy portfolio of the Eastern Poland macroregion. The obtained results indicate that the macroregion’s energy portfolio is diversified, though with the key significance of conventional sources. It is predicted that by 2030, the following sources will change their positions within the portfolio for the Eastern Poland macroregion: solar energy, wind energy and bioenergy. However, it will retain the character of a “youth wallet”.

Highlights

The occurrence of unfavourable macroeconomic changes which will impede the development of green energy, with the greatest likelihood of a negative upward trend; A positive upward trend of the structural factor and the state of the economy influencing the development of the energy system, but there were fears of a downturn despite the low probability of this happening;
The range of opinions in this area indicates the volatility of this factor, which should be seen as a threat to the development of the energy system
It is worth noting that the surveyed representatives indicated the need to prioritise financial, legal, and organisational support for transforming the energy portfolio;

Summary

Introduction

The New Green Deal aiming to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 requires a costeffective, fair and sustainable socio-economic transformation of all the EU’s geographical regions [1] This will take place over four financial terms, the first of which is between 2021 and 2027 [2]. The above-mentioned levels are interrelated, mutually coupled, and their interaction defines and characterises the conditions necessary for the introduction of changes in four dimensions: political, social, economic, and technological. They prescribe the selection and modification of existing ways of acquiring and exploiting energy

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