Energy-Efficient Solutions in Design, Construction and Operation of Thermal Power Plants and Heating Networks

Abstract

The article deals with topical issues related to the introduction of energy-efficient measures in the energy sector of Russia. A comprehensive study and research of the current situation in the field of technological processes for generating electric and thermal energy of thermal power plants (hereinafter TPP), transportation and distribution of energy in thermal networks has been carried out. The analysis of the main equipment and the parameters of the working environment influence on the efficiency of the thermal power plant, taking into account the technological features and energy losses of the steam power cycle of heat and electric power generation, was carried out. The main existing problems and sources of energy losses in heat supply systems are considered. Recommendations are given for introduction and development of energy-efficient solutions and technologies in the design, construction and operation of thermal power plants and heating networks. Promising measures aimed at maximum effect of energy saving are proposed for consideration, including the design and construction of new or modernization of existing thermal power plant equipment, the introduction of combined-cycle power plants, the use of frequency drives of critical rotating mechanisms, the introduction of automatic or remote manual process control systems, the introduction of digital production, including digital counterparts of objects, digital heating points and electrical substations, installation of additional sensors and metering devices with the introduction of monitoring systems and predictive prognostics of equipment, the use of geo-information systems with visualization of three-dimensional schemes and the development of mathematical models of heating networks, carrying out a full-scale instrumental control of critical pipelines metal using robotic complexes. Practical examples of energy-efficient measures application at existing thermal power plants and heating networks are given.