Abstract
Robust and efficient algorithms for routing and other process for a wireless sensor network are under active development due to technological advancements on wireless transmission systems. Each of the sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network either transmits or forwards the data packets to the base station. The main objective of the majority of the work in the literature is to save the energy consumption efficiently. The cluster based routing mechanism helps to achieve low energy consumption within the network. The network organizes its nodes as a cluster and selects a particular node as cluster head to manage the transmission within and between clusters. The majority of the clustering approach selects the cluster head using a thresholding based approach. Nodes having energy level higher than the threshold are the candidates for the cluster head selection. In the proposed approach the nodes remaining energy and the sum of distance between individual nodes to the cluster head node is considered. Optimal cluster head selection will help to increase the overall life time of the network. The distance between the sensor nodes is estimated using RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) and other parameters measured from the physical layer. Experiments are conducted with simulation environment created with the NS-2 simulator and efficiency of the approach is analyzed in detail.
Highlights
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) comprises of a set of sensor nodes either mobile or static in nature
The communication between the sensor node and base station is trivial in the design of routing protocols for WSN
The communication between the sensor node and base station is accomplished through a multi-hop routing approach by forwarding the data packets through the intermediate cluster heads
Summary
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) comprises of a set of sensor nodes either mobile or static in nature. The sensor nodes communicate among each other through a wireless communication link. Each sensor node is equipped with low processing power, limited memory, and bandwidth. These nodes sense the environment, collect the relevant data, and forward them to the sink or base node. The communication between the sensor node and base station is trivial in the design of routing protocols for WSN. The communication between the sensor node and base station is accomplished through a multi-hop routing approach by forwarding the data packets through the intermediate cluster heads. The design of the WSN routing protocols and other algorithms poses several challenges due to its resource constrained environment.
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