Abstract
One of the main challenges of operating a smart city (SC) is collecting the massive data generated from multiple data sources (DSs) and transmitting them to the control units (CUs) for further data processing and analysis. These ever-increasing data demands require not only more and more capacity of the transmission channels but also results in resource over-provision to meet the resilience requirements, thus the unavoidable waste as a result of the data fluctuations throughout the day. In addition, the high energy consumption (EC) and carbon discharge from these data transmissions posing serious issues to the environment we live in. Therefore, to overcome the issues of intensive EC and carbon emission (CE) of massive data dissemination in SCs, we propose an energy-efficient and carbon reduction approach by using the daily mobility of the existing vehicles as an alternative communications channel to accommodate the data dissemination in SCs. To illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach, we take the Auckland City in New Zealand as an example, assuming massive data generated by various sources geographically scattered throughout the Auckland region, to the control centres located in the city. Results obtained show that our proposed approach can provide up to four times faster transferring the large volume of data by using the existing daily vehicles’ mobility, than the conventional transmission network. Moreover, our proposed approach offers about 32% less EC and CE than that of conventional network transmission approach.
Highlights
In the near future, smart city (SC) are envisioned to provide services such as road lights conversing with the smart grids, urban parks associating with administrations, seasides conveying cautions on pollution levels, and flood alerts to disaster management
Let G = (V, E, C, A) be a capacitated undirected graph, where V is set of data sources or data centers locations, E is set of road links between data sources and destinations, C is the capacity of each road w.r.t vehicle count, and A is a set of cost per unit flow for a commodity bi on each link (i, j) ∈ E
Auckland City case scenarios where delay tolerant data is delivered to data centres
Summary
SCs are envisioned to provide services such as road lights conversing with the smart grids, urban parks associating with administrations, seasides conveying cautions on pollution levels, and flood alerts to disaster management. The problem of data dissemination between data sources and control units in SC ought to be solved by using some other types of hybrid networks instead of the using only Wi-Fi, 3G, LTE, Internet and so forth [13] Under this topic, vehicular networks by using the existing routine rides in the city could be a possible solution to disseminate big data in SCs. On the other hand there is one more big challenge in energy consumption in information communication technology (ICT). It is a critical issue that needs to address [14,15] These factors of congested networks and EC in ICT create interest in alternate energy-efficient solutions to reduce the pressure of data traffic on traditional core networks.
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