Abstract
The construction industry is the largest consumer of material and energy resources. Resource saving makes a great contribution to energy, environmental security and improving the quality of life of the population – the constituent elements of national security. An important part of resource saving is improving the energy efficiency of buildings. The problem of energy efficiency has been relevant for more than fifty years. Energy-efficient buildings must meet the requirements of minimum energy consumption not only at the design stage, but in general throughout the life cycle, which includes the processes of design, construction and installation works, construction control, operation and disposal. Improving of the energy efficiency of buildings is the process of bringing the design of the total reduced costs of external walling and heating of the building to the minimum possible value. The main elements of the operating costs for heating the building are fuel costs. Therefore, the optimization of the level of thermal protection of buildings will not only increase the level of energy efficiency and comfort of civil buildings, but also provide a significant economic effect, the value of which will continuously increase in accordance with the life of the building. The method of optimizing the level of energy efficiency, including thermal protection of buildings for various purposes, should help to improve the balance of wall materials and structures, so that the production of the most cost-effective products continuously increases and, accordingly, the share in the balance of less economical products decreases. As a result of this restructuring of the building materials industry can get a significant economic effect. Thus, there is a link between the level of thermal comfort of civil and industrial buildings and the increase in productivity, the reduction in the number of diseases of workers, the reduction of the corresponding costs of production and health care and, ultimately, the growth of national income.
Highlights
The concept of “Energy-efficient building” exists in construction science for about 50 years, and throughout this period of time, interest in these buildings has not been lost, and the problem of ensuring energy efficiency is modern and relevant
It becomes obvious that energy-efficient buildings must meet the requirements of minimum energy consumption at the design stage, but in general throughout the life cycle, which includes the design processes, construction and installation, construction control, operation and disposal
The social effect in improving the energy efficiency of buildings is the result of an increasing in the level of thermal comfort in their premises
Summary
The concept of “Energy-efficient building” exists in construction science for about 50 years, and throughout this period of time, interest in these buildings has not been lost, and the problem of ensuring energy efficiency is modern and relevant. During this time, besides the term “energy-efficient building”, such as “passive buildings”, “energy-active buildings”, “green buildings” and many others have appeared. Energy-efficient buildings must meet the requirements of safety and reliability, as well as provide the necessary consumer level of comfort with regulatory or lower energy costs throughout the entire life cycle. Some scientists determine the energy efficiency of a building as a property of an object and its engineering systems to ensure a given level of heat energy consumption to maintain optimal parameters of the indoor microclimate [3], others like a building with energy
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