Abstract
A large part of the stock of Italian educational buildings have undertaken energy retrofit interventions, thanks to European funds allocated by complex technical-administrative calls. In these projects, the suggested retrofit strategies are often selected based on the common best practices (considering average energy savings) but are not supported by proper energy investigations. In this paper, Italian school buildings’ stock was analyzed by cluster analysis with the aim of providing a methodology able to identify the best energy retrofit interventions from the perspective of cost-benefit, and to correlate them with the specific characteristics of the educational buildings. This research is based on the analysis of about 80 school buildings located in central Italy and characterized by different features and construction technologies. The refurbished buildings were classified in homogeneous clusters and, for each of them, the most representative building was identified. Furthermore, for each representative building a validating procedure based on dynamic simulations and a comparison with actual energy use was performed. The two buildings thus singled out provide a model that could be developed into a useful tool for Public Administrations to suggest priorities in the planning of new energy retrofits of existing school building stocks.
Highlights
The European Directive 2010/31/EU [1] introduces minimum energy requirements for buildings and in order to meet them, energy retrofits are usually necessary for existing buildings [2,3,4].In addition, the European Directive 2012/27/EU [5] directs the member states to develop an intensive refurbishment of public buildings
We present data on the energy uses of 80 schools located in the Lazio region
Heating energy uses of school buildings are responsible for a significant part of the total energy demands and, due to this, proper cost-effective strategies for retrofitting are needed
Summary
The European Directive 2010/31/EU [1] introduces minimum energy requirements for buildings and in order to meet them, energy retrofits are usually necessary for existing buildings [2,3,4].In addition, the European Directive 2012/27/EU [5] directs the member states to develop an intensive refurbishment of public buildings. The European Directive 2010/31/EU [1] introduces minimum energy requirements for buildings and in order to meet them, energy retrofits are usually necessary for existing buildings [2,3,4]. Schools represent an important part of public building stock and, even if they are not a predominant percentage of the total public patrimony, their refurbishment represents an important issue, both for social and educational aspects. In Italy, a high number of buildings (about 43,000, representing 58% of the stock of Italian educational buildings) were recently subjected to energy retrofits [6]. Several studies on the energy performance of schools estimated their medium normalized energy uses. This normalization procedure is necessary in order to compare the uses among different buildings
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