Abstract
The communication infrastructures are likely to fail, in the case of disasters like earthquakes and debris flow, resulting in blind areas and the inconvenience of residents’ communication. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme connecting these infrastructure failure areas, namely, an energy-aware device-to-device communication scheme (NEED). Our proposed scheme, taking advantage of clustering technology, connects users within the infrastructure failure areas that often have no direct access to the cellular network. Compared with the clustering used in traditional cases, we add the process of determining candidate cluster heads (CHs) before determining final CHs. Based on location and residual energy, the final CHs are selected in the candidate CHs, and dual CHs in the cluster run alternately to share the communication cost. Besides, a modified ant colony algorithm (MACA) is developed to increase routing efficiency. The simulation results show the effectiveness of our proposed NEED scheme in terms of energy consumption and energy balance, and demonstrate that the scheme significantly extends the lifetime of the whole network.
Published Version
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