Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and apparent metabolizable energy (AME), AME corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) and its respective metabolizable coefficients of animal byproducts for broiler chickens with different ages. Meat and bone meal, poultry by-product meal, tilapia processing residue and poultry fat were evaluated. A total of 760 male broiler chickens were used and evaluated and the phases: pre-starter (1 to 8 d of age); starter (11 to18 d); grower 1 (21 to 28 d); grower 2 (31 to 38 d), and finisher (41 to 48 d). Total excreta collection method was performed in five metabolism assays. The experimental design was completely randomized, and data were submitted to analysis of variance, posteriorly, the four feeds were compared by Tukey test and a regression analysis was performed with broiler chickens age. The significance was considered at 5% probability. The values of AME and AMEn were higher in older birds for all ingredients. The lesser CAME and CAMEn were obtained for meat and bone meal, for the regression analysis poultry by-product meal, tilapia processing residue and poultry fat had an increased linear effect with birds age and there was no adjust for meat and bone meal for regression analysis.
Highlights
The dependence of the poultry sector on corn and soybean meal generates demand for alternative products, as lowcost feed sources (Dalólio et al, 2019), in this context, the use of by-products from animal origin is an important strategy to reduce production costs, besides, it can provide an appropriate destination for the waste generated by the industries and slaughterhouses (Eyng et al, 2011).The use of by-products in poultry diets makes necessary precise knowledge of its chemical composition and metabolizable energy, providing a formulation with lower cost and efficient use of energy by birds (Mariano et al, 2012; Vieira et al, 2015)
The objective of this study was to determine the values of apparent metabolizable energy and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for the nitrogen balance and its respective coefficients of metabolizability for different by-products of animal origin, with broiler chickens at different ages
Chemical composition of meat and bone meal (MBM) in this study showed variations (Table 2) in relation to the values described in the literature
Summary
The dependence of the poultry sector on corn and soybean meal generates demand for alternative products, as lowcost feed sources (Dalólio et al, 2019), in this context, the use of by-products from animal origin is an important strategy to reduce production costs, besides, it can provide an appropriate destination for the waste generated by the industries and slaughterhouses (Eyng et al, 2011).The use of by-products in poultry diets makes necessary precise knowledge of its chemical composition and metabolizable energy, providing a formulation with lower cost and efficient use of energy by birds (Mariano et al, 2012; Vieira et al, 2015). Protein by-products of animal origin are important sources of energy, amino acids, calcium and phosphorus, the lack of standardization in the production process leads to variations in the levels of nutrients and energy (Troni et al, 2016). These variations in the nutrient profile occur due to the addition of bones, blood, heads, lean tissues, viscera, hooves, hide, feathers, and fat besides the differences in processing methods and conditions (Adeola et al., 2018). Besides other benefits of adding fats include improved feed texture, reduced dustiness, and increased palatability (Tancharoenrat et al, 2013; Rodriguez-Sanchez et al, 2019)
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