Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine the chemical composition and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) values of corn, soybean meal (SBM), soybean oil (SO) and sugarcane yeast (SY) (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). A metabolism trial was performed with 120 Dekalb White laying hens at 65 weeks of age, using the method of total excreta collection. Birds were housed in metabolism cages and distributed according to a completely randomized design into five treatments with, six replicates of four birds each. The experimental period consisted of four days of adaptation and four days of excreta collection. The experimental diets included: a reference diet based on corn and SBM and four test diets containing 40% corn, 30% SBM, 10% SO or 30 % SY. The chemical compositions of the tested ingredients, expressed on as-is basis were: 86.9, 87.29, 87.32 and 99.5% dry matter; and 3.51, 2.08, 99.31 and 0.03 ether extract for corn, SBM, SO and SY, respectively. Corn, SBM, and SO presented 7.33, 43.61 and 24.64% crude protein, and 0.58, 5.07 and 6.77% ash, respectively; and crude fiber contents of corn and SBM were, respectively, 2.24% and 3.56%. The following AME and AMEn (kcal/kg dry matter) values were obtained: 3,801 and 3,760 kcal/kg for corn, 2,640 and 2,557 kcal/kg for SBM, 8,952 and 8,866 kcal/kg for SO, and 1,023 and 925 kcal/kg for sugarcane yeast, respectively.
Highlights
Despite the ongoing research on the use of unconventional feedstuffs poultry diets, feed formulations are still primarily based on corn and soybean meal, which are the main sources of protein and energy
Data were subjected to a descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA and subsequently to the test of Tukey for multiple comparisons in order to assess the statistical significance of differences between all possible pairs of means
The obtained corn and soybean meal (SBM) DM contents are consistent with the values reported by Maia et al (2002), of 87.04% for corn and 87.44% for SBM
Summary
Despite the ongoing research on the use of unconventional feedstuffs poultry diets, feed formulations are still primarily based on corn and soybean meal, which are the main sources of protein and energy. In order to obtain better energy balance, it is necessary to include vegetable oils and/or fats in the diet (Pucci et al, 2003; Silva et al, 2009a,b). The nutrition of laying hens is an important tool to ensure the high levels of production achieved by modern commercial strains (Rabello et al, 2007; Silva et al, 2009b). Feed metabolizable energy is a very important factor to be considered. Oils and fats are ingredients used as concentrated energy sources and allow the formulation of high energy diets for poultry (Rabello et al, 2007; Silva et al, 2009b). From the economic point of view, it is necessary to take into account their caloric value (2.25 times greater than that of other feedstuffs); feed savings due to improvements of feed conversion; and the possibility of
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