Abstract
BackgroundSurfactant protein D (SP-D) is a member of the collectin family and is an important component of the pulmonary innate host defense. To find the relationship between exercise training and SP-D in diabetes, we examined the possible effects of a 10-week endurance exercise-training program on serum levels of SP-D, leptin, lipid profile and insulin resistance in obese women with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsTwenty-two obese women with T2DM were randomly assigned to either exercise training (ET) or control (C) group. A subject dropped from ET group due to personal reasons and 1 subject dropped from C group due to commitment to experiments conditions. A total of twenty obese women with T2DM were randomly assigned into endurance exercise training (ET = 10) and control (C = 10) groups. The training group underwent a progressive endurance-training program for 10 weeks (running on a treadmill for 30–55 min/day at 50–75% heart rate reserve) and the control group did not participate in any exercise program. Venous blood samples were collected from both groups before and 72 h after the last session of exercise training for analysis of serum SP-D, leptin, lipid profile, glucose and insulin. Data were analyzed using 2 (group: control, endurance training) × 2 (time: pre, post) ANOVA with repeated measures on the second factor. Absolute changes from rest (∆ baseline) values were calculated according to the following formula: ((measure-baseline)·baseline-1)·100. Percent change between groups was analyzed using independent t-tests (p < 0.05). All analyses were completed using SPSS 19.ResultsThe serum SP-D levels were decreased after exercise training in ET (∆ = − 78.78 ± 17.14%, p = 0.001) when compare to C (∆ = 9.41 ± 4.75%). Obese diabetic women in the ET group showed significantly lower serum leptin levels (8053.27 ± 878.7 pg/ml, ∆ = − 26.97 ± 16.41%) when compared with women in the control group (9885.5 ± 696 pg/ml, ∆ = 7.02 ± 3.46%, p = 0.003). Fasting glucose was favorably and significantly affected by the intervention (ET ∆ = − 17.01 ± 12.74%, Control ∆ = 15.47 ± 7.32%, p = 0.011). VO2max as an index of aerobic fitness was significantly increased after 10-weeks of endurance exercise training (ET ∆ = 19.29 ± 6.18%).ConclusionsEndurance exercise training with improvement in aerobic fitness induced a significant reduction of serum SP-D levels in obese women with T2DM.
Highlights
Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a member of the collectin family and is an important component of the pulmonary innate host defense
Systemic SP-D has been shown previously to decrease in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), be positively associated with insulin sensitivity [10], and negativity associated with obesity [11, 12]
As pulmonary function decline has recently been proposed as a novel risk factor for glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and T2DM [10], there is a possible that decreasing serum SP-D protein in T2DM is connected with obesity, insulin resistance and inflammation [10]
Summary
Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a member of the collectin family and is an important component of the pulmonary innate host defense. Obesity is associated with a risk of developing other metabolic diseases including type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1, 2]. Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a lung-specific protein that has major anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory effects [5,6,7]. It is detectable in human serum by specific assay [8], but the function of SP-D in serum still remains controversial. As pulmonary function decline has recently been proposed as a novel risk factor for glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and T2DM [10], there is a possible that decreasing serum SP-D protein in T2DM is connected with obesity, insulin resistance and inflammation [10]. The specific mechanism of the relation between SP-D and metabolic disturbances, and T2DM in particular, is not clear
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