Endovascular Treatment of Common Iliac Artery Aneurysms Using the Bell-Bottom Technique: Long-term Results

Abstract

To retrospectively evaluate the long-term outcome of the bell-bottom technique for the endovascular repair of common iliac artery (CIA) aneurysms. Between September 2003 and September 2008, 89 patients (84 men; mean age 73.7+/-8.4 years) with aortic and CIA aneurysms were treated at 2 European centers with aortic extension cuffs or large iliac limbs that gave a bell-bottom configuration to the iliac portion of an aortoiliac stent-graft. The mean maximum aortic diameter was 65.7+/-12.3 mm (range 42-98), and the mean diameter of the treated CIA aneurysms was 22.1+/-3.0 mm (range 20-30). Technical success was achieved in 97.8% (87/89). There was no early (<30-day) mortality, but 8 (8.9%) patients died (none aneurysm-related) during follow-up. Cumulative survival by Kaplan-Meier analysis was 96.3% at 1 year, 85.5% at 3 years, and 83.1% at 5 years. After a mean follow-up of 56.5 months, computed tomography documented 3 (3.4%) type I endoleaks: one proximal leak was treated by conversion to open repair, and the other 2 distal type I endoleaks were treated by implantation of an iliac extension. Two (2.2%) type II endoleaks were accompanied by an increase in the aneurysm diameter; one was treated by coil embolization of the inferior mesenteric artery and the other by conversion to open repair after repeated coil embolization. One patient underwent thrombectomy for iliac limb occlusion. The freedom from secondary intervention was 91.6% at 5 years. The mean maximum diameter of the CIA aneurysms showed no significant change over time (24.1+/-3 mm at 30 days and 23.4+/-4 mm at latest follow-up). Moderate-size CIA aneurysms (<30 mm) can be safely and effectively treated using the bell-bottom technique. The risk of distal type I endoleak is low. Iliac-related complications can be successfully treated by endovascular techniques.