Abstract
The mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) into circulation from bone marrow is well known to be present in several clinical settings, including acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. The aim of this review was to explore the current literature focusing on the great opportunity that EPCs can have in terms of regenerative medicine.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the main causes of death and morbidity in Europe, with a huge economic burden on society
In another study in vitro, we found that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have a well-adaptive response to oxidative stress induced by constant and sustained high glucose exposure, conditions in which they seem to be more resistant than mature endothelial cells (ECs) [47]; this resistance to high glucose levels might be due to increased expression and activity of glutathione peroxidase allowing better cell survival [47]
In another study in vitro, may induce ameliorative effects on biology, suggesting that prophylactic measures we found that EPCs have a well-adaptive response to oxidative stress induced by constant influencing proliferation, migration and homing may bethey viewed and sustained high glucose exposure, conditions in which seemastopossible be moretreatment resistant options in patients suffering from MS
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the main causes of death and morbidity in Europe, with a huge economic burden on society. Several pieces of evidence have supported the existence of an innovative pathway in which tissue residents or migrating progenitor cells contribute to cardiovascular (CV) self-repair through differentiation into CV cell lineages and paracrine/autocrine actions [1]. These endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), isolated for the first time by Ashara and colleagues in 1997 [2], represent a heterogeneous population of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic progenitor cells able to participate in neovascularization and vascular remodelling [3], with an important role in cardiovascular homeostasis and characterization of CVD
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