Contribution of endothelial cells of hematopoietic origin to blood vessel formation.

Abstract

HomeCirculation ResearchVol. 88, No. 1Contribution of Endothelial Cells of Hematopoietic Origin to Blood Vessel Formation Free AccessOtherPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFView EPUBSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyRedditDiggEmail Jump toFree AccessOtherPDF/EPUBContribution of Endothelial Cells of Hematopoietic Origin to Blood Vessel Formation Eberhard Gunsilius, Hans-Christoph Duba, Andreas L. Petzer, Christian M. Kähler and Günther A. Gastl Eberhard GunsiliusEberhard Gunsilius University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Search for more papers by this author , Hans-Christoph DubaHans-Christoph Duba University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Search for more papers by this author , Andreas L. PetzerAndreas L. Petzer University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Search for more papers by this author , Christian M. KählerChristian M. Kähler University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Search for more papers by this author and Günther A. GastlGünther A. Gastl University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Search for more papers by this author Originally published19 Jan 2001https://doi.org/10.1161/01.RES.88.1.e1Circulation Research. 2001;88:e1To the Editor:Crosby et al1 noted in their report that the recruitment of bone marrow–derived endothelial progenitor cells to newly forming blood vessels might have been hitherto overlooked. Postulated already a century ago,2 there is now ample evidence for a close association between blood progenitor cells and angiogenesis3 and the existence of a hemangioblastic progenitor capable of generating blood cells as well as endothelial cells.456 Also, the integration of bone marrow–derived endothelial cells or their progenitors into sites of neoangiogenesis is well-known.789 Their view that bone marrow–derived endothelial cells do not contribute substantially to the endothelium of blood vessels in stable adult tissue is equivocal. Endothelial cells are among those exhibiting the lowest replication level in the body with only 0.01% cells engaged in cell division at any time.10 Nevertheless, vascular endothelial cells that are lost from the vessel intima through necrosis or apoptosis must be replaced (maintenance angiogenesis). We are not aware of data showing that maintenance angiogenesis occurs through proliferation of adjacent endothelial cells. Thus, most likely, bone marrow–derived endothelial cells contribute to this maintenance angiogenesis.11Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can mobilize endothelial cells or their progenitors from the bone marrow,9 and the delivery of VEGF to subjects may be deleterious.1213 Hypoxia can also launch mobilization of endothelial precursor cells from the bone marrow, as hematopoietic cytokines (granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor) can do.14 Malignant tumor growth results in hypoxia within the neoplastic tissue, potentially mobilizing bone marrow–derived endothelial cells as well in a paracrine fashion, thus contributing to the sprouting of new tumor vessels. Moreover, cytokines accelerating hematopoietic recovery after myelotoxic chemotherapy might also promote the growth of tumor vessels by recruiting endothelial cells from the bone marrow, an issue that deserves critical evaluation.Footnotes[email protected] References 1 Crosby JR, Kaminski WE, Schatteman G, Martin PJ, Raines EW, Seifert RA, Bowen-Pope DF. Endothelial cells of hematopoietic origin make a significant contribution to adult blood vessel formation. Circ Res.2000; 87:728–730.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2 His W. Lecithoblast und Angioblast der Wirbelthiere. Abhandl KS Ges Wiss Math Phys.1900; 22:171. Monograph.Google Scholar3 Takakura N, Watanabe T, Suenobu S, Yamada Y, Noda T, Ito Y, Satake M, Suda T. A role for hematopoietic stem cells in promoting angiogenesis. Cell.2000; 102:199–209.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4 Shalaby F, Rossant J, Yamaguchi TP, Gertsenstein M, Wu XF, Breitman ML, Schuh AC. Failure of blood-island formation and vasculogenesis in Flk-1-deficient mice. Nature.1995; 376:62–66.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5 Choi K, Kennedy M, Kazarov A, Papadimitriou JC, Keller G. A common precursor for hematopoietic and endothelial cells. Development.1998; 125:725–732.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6 Green AR. Haemangioblast origin of chronic myeloid leukaemia? Lancet.2000; 355:1659–1660.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7 Asahara T, Masuda H, Takahashi T, Kalka C, Pastore C, Silver M, Kearne M, Magner M, Isner JM. Bone marrow origin of endothelial progenitor cells responsible for postnatal vasculogenesis in physiological and pathological neovascularization. Circ Res.1999; 85:221–228.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8 Asahara T, Murohara T, Sullivan A, Silver M, van der Zee R, Li T, Witzenbichler B, Schatteman G, Isner JM. Isolation of putative progenitor endothelial cells for angiogenesis. Science.1997; 275:964–967.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9 Asahara T, Takahashi T, Masuda H, Kalka C, Chen D, Iwaguro H, Inai Y, Silver M, Isner JM. VEGF contributes to postnatal neovascularization by mobilizing bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells. EMBO J.1999; 18:3964–3972.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10 Ortega N, Hutchings H, Plouet J. Signal relays in the VEGF system. Front Biosci.1999; 4:D141–D152.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar11 Gunsilius E, Duba HC, Petzer AL, Kähler CM, Grünewald K, Stockhammer G, Gabl C, Dirnhofer S, Clausen J, Gastl G. Evidence from a leukaemia model for maintenance of vascular endothelium by bone-marrow-derived endothelial cells. Lancet.2000; 355:1688–1691.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12 Lee RJ, Springer ML, Blanco-Bose WE, Shaw R, Ursell PC, Blau HM. VEGF gene delivery to myocardium: deleterious effects of unregulated expression. Circulation.2000; 102:898–901.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar13 Carmeliet P. VEGF gene therapy: stimulating angiogenesis or angioma-genesis? Nat Med.2000; 6:1102–1103.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar14 Takahashi T, Kalka C, Masuda H, Chen D, Silver M, Kearney M, Magner M, Isner JM, Asahara T. Ischemia- and cytokine-induced mobilization of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells for neovascularization. Nat Med.1999; 5:434–438.>CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By Yan J, Bao H, Fan Y, Jiang Z, Qi Y and Han Y (2020) Platelet‐derived microvesicles promote endothelial progenitor cell proliferation in intimal injury by delivering TGF‐β1, The FEBS Journal, 10.1111/febs.15293, 287:23, (5196-5217), Online publication date: 1-Dec-2020. Fu C, Cao Y, Yao Y, Tang S, Fan Q and Ling Y (2019) Expression of B2 Receptor on Circulating CD34-Positive Cells and Outcomes of Myocardial Infarction, Disease Markers, 10.1155/2019/7816438, 2019, (1-7), Online publication date: 8-Jul-2019. 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