Abstract
Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton is a shrub belongs to family Asclepiadaceae which known by its medicinal properties. It is a widely growing plant distributed in tropical and sub-tropical Africa, and America. This study is the first report which highlights the diversity of bacterial endophytes from C. procera as sources of numerous hydrolytic exo-enzymes. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from all plant parts such as; roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and latex. Bacillus was the prevalent genus. At the species level, the bacterial diversity was high. Eight representative species were isolated including; Citricoccus alkalitolerans (Cps2) (NR025771), Bacillus cereus (Cps1) (NR074540), B. pumilus (Cps3) (NR112637), B. firmus (Cpl1) (NR025842), B. niabensis (Cpl3) (NR043334), B. subtilis (Cpl4) (NR113265), B. amyloliquefaciens (Cpl10) (NR041455) and B. subtilis subsp. spizizenii (Cpl13) (NR112686). Results of the current study emphasized that C. procera plant hosts diverse endophytic bacteria, which are potential producers of several economically important hydrolytic enzymes i.e., amylase, protease, cellulase, lipase and L-asparaginase. The aims of the current study were to identify the endophytic bacteria associated with the different organs of the medicinal plant C. procera, and to evaluate their potentialities to produce diverse extracellular hydrolytic enzymes.
Highlights
Endophytic bacteria are microorganisms that live either in a symbiotic, commensal or mutualistic relationship inside the internal living tissues of host plant (Ryan et al, 2008)
The objectives of the current study were to identify the endophytic bacteria associated with the different organs of the medicinal plant C. procera, and to evaluate their potentialities to produce diverse extracellular hydrolytic enzymes
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that detects the endophytic bacteria associated with the medicinal plant C. procera
Summary
Endophytic bacteria are microorganisms that live either in a symbiotic, commensal or mutualistic relationship inside the internal living tissues of host plant (Ryan et al, 2008). Endophytic bacteria have excessive potential utilization in agriculture, industry and medicine. They produce a diverse array of natural bioactive metabolites; promote plant growth directly and\or indirectly, can fix atmospheric nitrogen, produce siderophores and phyto-hormones, solubilize minerals such as phosphorus, as well as they are effective biocontrol agents enhancing plant resistance against different pathogens (Patten and Glick, 1996; Schulz et al, 1999; Schulz et al, 2002; Schulz and Boyle, 2005; Ryan et al, 2008)
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