Abstract
BackgroundStem end rot (SER) disease caused by Alternaria alternata is one of the main fungal diseases in pitaya and other crops in Nam Dinh, Vietnam, that leads to extensive yield and economic losses. Biocontrol of SER, using endophytic bacteria, is environmentally friendly and compatible with other control measures. Hence, it is emerging as an alternative disease management strategy in sustainable agriculture. This study aimed to screen antagonistic bacteria isolated from the weed, Eleusine indica, with the potential to manage SER.ResultsA total of 16 endophytes were isolated from the stems, leaves, and roots of the weed, E. indica. Of those, 6 strains presented antagonistic effects against A. alternata growth, and one isolate, EI-15, showed a significant inhibitory effect on SER. In addition, analyzing the 16S rDNA sequence indicated that EI-15 was a strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Moreover, the results of the antagonistic spectrum assay showed that EI-15 significantly inhibited some plant and fruit tree pathogens, especially the suppression of A. alternata. Notably, the culture filtrate of strain EI-15 exhibited in vitro apparent activity against A. alternata. Furthermore, an in vivo antagonistic experiment of EI-15 on pitaya twig showed a significant reduction of lesion on twigs than the control.ConclusionsOverall, this study suggested the potential application of the EI-15 strain as a biological agent and needs to be further studied in the field to control SER.
Highlights
Stem end rot (SER) disease caused by Alternaria alternata is one of the main fungal diseases in pitaya and other crops in Nam Dinh, Vietnam, that leads to extensive yield and economic losses
Isolation and identification of endophytic bacteria In total, 16 strains of endophytic bacteria were isolated from different tissues of weed (E. indica) including 6 strains from the roots, 5 from stems, and 5 from leaves
The molecular identification used universal 16S rDNA primers which indicated that the EI-15 was highly homologous to sequences belonging to Bacillus families
Summary
Stem end rot (SER) disease caused by Alternaria alternata is one of the main fungal diseases in pitaya and other crops in Nam Dinh, Vietnam, that leads to extensive yield and economic losses. Pitaya is an important fruit crop with high economic value and grown well in Nam Dinh, Vietnam In this region, fungal pathogens are widely spreading, from stem end rot (SER) caused by Alternaria alternata YZU, resulting in severe economic losses (Luu et al 2021). Trung et al Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control (2021) 31:106 stem end rot (Luu et al 2021) Those authors isolated 19 endophytic bacteria from the weed, Echinochloa colonum, and 5 of them presented in vitro antagonistic activity against A. alternata on pitaya. These studies indicated that endophytes had a significant potential as a biocontrol agent against SER. Applying weed endophytic bacteria to biocontrol plant diseases for sustainable agriculture can be a very promising tool because of their short lifecycle and high selection of antagonistic forms
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