ENDOMETRIOSIS OF THE CECUM AND APPENDIX: REVIEW OF LITERATURE.

Abstract

Endometriosis is a benign, chronic, inflammatory and estrogen dependent pathology in which there is the implantation of functional extrauterine endometrial tissue. Pelvic and abdominal endometriosis are the most frequent presentations and, in these forms, ectopic endometrial implantation affects the lesser pelvis, uterosacral ligaments, ovaries, uterine tubes, urinary and gastrointestinal tracts. Some symptoms such as altered bowel habits, pelvic pain, infertility and bleeding during bowel movements are present. In this work the focus is on the manifestations of endometriosis in the appendix and cecum. The use of imaging tests, such as transrectal and transvaginal ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and colonoscopy are important tools used, however, the gold standard is videolaparoscopy with biopsy to confirm the anatomopathological findings. The surgical strategy is related to the degree of impairment and must take into account the eradication of the disease together with the preservation of fertility. Therefore, the importance of evaluating and treating all areas that endometriosis affects is clear, with a multidisciplinary approach by general surgeons and gynecologists, in order to investigate, diagnose and correctly address the disease in an organized and correct way.