Abstract
The role of Endocrine Disruptors as real risk for ecosystems, wildlife and humans represents a concern and the debate on this issue is open owing the conflicting interests between the producers of these products and the scientific community. A concise overview of the nature, presence and adverse effects induced in wildlife and humans by Endocrine Disruptors is illustrated. Some indications to reduce the exposure risk to Endocrine Disruptors are suggested.
Highlights
Since 1962 with the publication of the book “Silent Spring” by Rachel Carson [1] and, more, after the publication on 1996 of “Our stolen future” by Colburn et al [2] there has been increasing awareness that some chemicals compounds in the environment exert harmful effects on wildlife and humans
A concise overview of the nature, presence and adverse effects induced in wildlife and humans by Endocrine Disruptors is illustrated
The health of living organisms appears to be strictly related to the health of environment and the two systems reciprocally influence. These chemicals, having the potential to mimic or interfere with the hormones function in the body, have been called Endocrine Disruptors Chemicals (EDCs)
Summary
Since 1962 with the publication of the book “Silent Spring” by Rachel Carson [1] and, more, after the publication on 1996 of “Our stolen future” by Colburn et al [2] there has been increasing awareness that some chemicals compounds in the environment exert harmful effects on wildlife and humans. The health of living organisms appears to be strictly related to the health of environment and the two systems reciprocally influence These chemicals, having the potential to mimic or interfere with the hormones function in the body, have been called Endocrine Disruptors Chemicals (EDCs). Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are additives used in a great number of consumer products such as clothing, house electronic equipment and furniture Heavy metals, such as Fe, Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb, and Cd are persistent, ubiquitous and non-biodegradable elements with long biological half-live. Concerns regarding EDCs exposure are mainly due: i) to the adverse effects observed in some wildlife, fish, and in ecosystems; ii) to the increased incidence of some endocrine-related human diseases; and iii) to their biological effects observed at low doses in studies on laboratory animals. A brief list of adverse effects, related to the exposure to EDCs and observed in wildlife and humans, is here in the following reported
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