Abstract
BackgroundEvidence supports high prevalence of periodontitis in patients with chronic kidney disease. Several renal factors have been proposed as possible modifiers of periodontitis pathogenesis in this population. In this cross sectional study, we investigated whether distinct microbial profiles in renal patients could explain high periodontitis prevalence.MethodsWe characterized the subgingival microbiome in 14 End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and 13 control individuals with chronic periodontitis with similar demographic and clinical parameters. Medical, demographic and periodontal parameters were recorded. Subgingival biofilm samples were collected from the deepest pocket in two different quadrants and characterized via 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.ResultsWe found 874 species-level operational taxonomic units (OTU) across samples. Renal and control groups did not differ in the individual proportions of periodontitis-associated taxa. However, in principal coordinate plots of distance among samples based on OTU prevalence, some renal patients clustered apart from controls, with the microbial communities of these outlier subjects showing less diversity. Univariate correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between dialysis vintage and community diversity.ConclusionsWithin the study limitations, dialysis vintage was associated with a less diverse periodontal microbial community in ESRD suggesting the need for further research.
Highlights
Evidence supports high prevalence of periodontitis in patients with chronic kidney disease
Among the 38 End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) enrolled individuals, who failed the eligibility criteria, 6 patients were smokers, patients had less than teeth, 10 patients were periodontally healthy and 2 patients were on antibiotics for vascular access infections
Gender, ethnicity, diabetes status and probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BoP) and plaque score (PS) did not differ between groups
Summary
Evidence supports high prevalence of periodontitis in patients with chronic kidney disease. Several renal factors have been proposed as possible modifiers of periodontitis pathogenesis in this population. In this cross sectional study, we investigated whether distinct microbial profiles in renal patients could explain high periodontitis prevalence. Recent epidemiological evidence has shown a periodontitis prevalence of 12.7 % in the general population [5], it increased up to ~39 % in some racial groups [6, 7] with a dose–response association in CKD [8]. Several renal disease-related factors have been hypothesized to contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis in CKD, including uremia and related. Araújo et al BMC Nephrology (2015) 16:80 periodontitis using 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, a technique that allows global profiling of microbial communities
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