Abstract
In this paper, we present a portable end-fire antenna array design for the fifth-generation (5G) mobile handsets that exploits a Vivaldi antenna and shows a wide fan-beam on the elevation plane. We make the proposed antenna array more efficient by printing on a 10-layer printed circuit board (PCB) lamination in a vertical direction of the ground plane edge. Using the proposed Vivaldi antenna array design, the radiation characteristics of 4 × 1 linear arrays are fabricated. To validate the feasibility, we perform simulations and experiments. Simulation results show that the total efficiencies of the antenna array are higher than about 8.16 - 9.46 dBi for the scanning range between 0° to 60°. Measurement results display that the antenna has S11 reply less than -10 dB in the frequency area of 27.5 to 28.5 GHz and wide beamwidth (130.8° in elevation plan, 21.35° in azimuth plan). There is a high accord between the calculated and measured results and we consider that the results in this study can be well achieved by designers who design the wide beamwidth high-speed antennas of 5G mobile terminals.
Highlights
5G cellular systems should use high-frequency spectrums to support wide bandwidth and high data rates [1]–[5]
Millimeter-wave spectrum from 30 to 300 GHz is recognized as the key solution that supports multi-gigabit per second (Gbps) Communication speed over wireless links and solves the data explosion of 5G system
Recent study activities have allowed reinterpretation of mmWave as a practicable candidate for mobile communications [6]. 5 G is one of the most prominent technologies that utilize the high data rate attained via broadspectrum bandwidths of the additional spectrum [7]
Summary
5G cellular systems should use high-frequency spectrums to support wide bandwidth and high data rates [1]–[5]. Millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum from 30 to 300 GHz is recognized as the key solution that supports multi-gigabit per second (Gbps) Communication speed over wireless links and solves the data explosion of 5G system. Experts have been exploring the prospect of the 28, 38, and 73 GHz mmWave frequency bands of 5G communication. MmWave has the characteristics of stronger directivity and higher path loss than conventional cellular frequency waves (below 6 GHz), so it is very challenging to apply mmWave to cellular mobile communications. 5 G is one of the most prominent technologies that utilize the high data rate attained via broadspectrum bandwidths of the additional spectrum [7]. Because the broadside radiation deteriorates by various obstructive factors such as the hand effect [8], both
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