Abstract
Two molecules are enantiomers if they are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other. Electric dipole-allowed cyclic transitions |1⟩ → |2⟩ → |3⟩ → |1⟩ obey the symmetry relation , where = (μ21R,SE21)(μ13R,SE13)(μ32R,SE32) and R and S label the two enantiomers. Herein, we generalize the concept of topological frequency conversion to an ensemble of enantiomers. We show that, within a rotating-frame, the pumping power between fields of frequency ω1 and ω2 is sensitive to enantiomeric excess, = ℏ[ω1ω2CLR/(2π)](NR - NS), where Ni is the number of enantiomers i and CLR is an enantiomer-dependent Chern number. Connections with chiroptical microwave spectroscopy are made. Our work provides an underexplored and fertile connection between topological physics and molecular chirality.
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