Emulgel Towards Novel Formulation Development: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Emulgels are an innovative topical drug delivery system that combines the properties of emulsions and gels to enhance the delivery and efficacy of pharmaceuticals. These systems leverage the advantages of both components: the solubilizing capabilities of emulsions and the stable, bioadhesive properties of gels. This review aims to summarize the development, formulation strategies, evaluation techniques, and therapeutic applications of emulgels. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across various scientific databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies focusing on the formulation, characterization, and clinical efficacy of emulgels were included. The review evaluates the methodologies used in the preparation of emulgels, including the choice of gelling agents, emulsifiers, and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Analytical techniques for assessing the physicochemical properties and stability of emulgels were also examined. The review identified key formulation parameters that influence the performance of emulgels, such as the type and concentration of gelling agents (e.g., carbomers, xanthan gum), emulsifiers (e.g., Tween, Span), and oils. Optimization of these components significantly affects the viscosity, spreadability, and drug release profile of emulgels. Studies demonstrated that emulgels exhibit improved drug penetration and sustained release compared to conventional topical formulations. Therapeutic applications of emulgels encompass a wide range of conditions including dermatological disorders, pain management, and microbial infections. The review also highlights novel advancements such as the incorporation of nanoparticles and the development of stimuli-responsive emulgels. Emulgels represent a promising platform for topical drug delivery, offering enhanced stability, bioavailability, and patient compliance. The versatility in their formulation allows for the incorporation of diverse APIs, making them suitable for various therapeutic areas. Future research should focus on the clinical translation of emulgels, exploring their potential in personalized medicine, and addressing regulatory challenges. Emulgels have the potential to revolutionize topical therapy and provide new avenues for effective and targeted drug delivery.