Abstract
The notion of systemic risks denominates the danger of destruction of a whole system by the mechanisms of nonlinear interactions between its agents in combination with circular causality between the system´s elementary dynamic processes and the macroscopic structures generated by them. An extensive body of empirical evidence demonstrates a fundamental homomorphism among systemic risks in all domains, from the systems of nature over those of technology up to society. This homomorphism, based on complexity science, allows to formulate cornerstones of a scientific theory resulting in several governance strategies, associated with policy implications, be it to protect ecosystems, technical infrastructure or, last not least, avoid undesired transformation processes in societies. The approach is exemplified here for the systemic risks associated with modern migration phenomena that has direct impact on sustainable development.
Highlights
One important livelihood activity in Nigeria’s Niger Delta region is fishing because of its contribution to employment (4060% of the people engaged in this sector) and protein to the diets of about 50% of Nigerians [1,2,3]
The sum of the number of persons employed in input distribution was 930 distributors in 2014 as indicated by the fish farmers sampled in the area
This paper concludes that fish farming has created many jobs in the area
Summary
One important livelihood activity in Nigeria’s Niger Delta region is fishing because of its contribution to employment (4060% of the people engaged in this sector) and protein to the diets of about 50% of Nigerians [1,2,3]. In light of the persistent conflict and damage to the region’s environment leaving many people with no job [3,4,5,6] fish farming is serving an important livelihood and self-employment means in the area. This study, determined: a) employment generation potentials of fish farming activities in Nigeria’s Niger Delta region; and b) challenges confronting fish farmers in the area
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