Abstract
The use of fossil fuels has drastically increased throughout the world as the demand for energy increases. Accordingly, it has become critical that we reduce the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and oxides of sulfur pollutants. Therefore, studies related to these activities have increased. This study was aimed at helping take pre-emptive action on NOx emissions by developing a formula that would predict NOx generation using factors related to the combustion characteristics and basic material properties of coal. In this study, the experiments were conducted using a drop tube furnace, and the correlation between coal’s major characteristics and NOx generation was analyzed and measured. Our results showed that the major factors affecting NOx generation are moisture, fixed carbon, and fuel ratio. Moisture tended to decrease NOx generation by delaying the ignition of coal and fixed carbon exhibited a tendency to be directly proportional to NOx generation. The R2 value for NOx of moisture and fixed carbon were derived as 0.7659 and 0.7063, respectively. Our results also showed that the fuel ratio had an exponential relation with the conversion of fuel-N to NOx. Based on the results of our analyses, we used moisture, fixed carbon, and fuel ratio as the major factors for creating an experimental formula. Through these results, we confirmed that the prediction formula reflects the actual amount of NOx emitted from the powerplants.
Highlights
Energy consumption has been increasing explosively throughout the world in both developed and developing countries
Energy production from fossil fuel makes up 80% of the world’s energy and all researchers are concerned with the environmental problems caused by the use of fossil fuels
Oxides of sulfur (SOx) and nitrogen (NOx) are emitted from powerplants that use the fine dust of pulverized coal since a power source must be reduced
Summary
Energy consumption has been increasing explosively throughout the world in both developed and developing countries. Regulations on emissions must be more restrictive, those from powerplants and from cars, ships, and other fossil-fuel vehicles [1,2,3,4] In countries such as China and India, where there is a rapidly increasing industrial demand for power, the increase in the demand brings increases in the price of coal, which causes several countries, such as Korea, to import low-quality or other types of coal to use as fuel [5]. These pulverized-coal powerplants have several problems related to combustion, exhaust emissions from the fuel combustion process.
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