Abstract
This study assesses seasonal particle size distribution (PSD) dynamics inside a waste stabilization ponds (WSP) (Buguruni, Tanzania) to understand settling dynamics of wastewater particles with an interest in helminth eggs. Results indicate that particles coming into the pond are mainly supracolloidal and settleables with 52.9% and 45.6%, respectively, in dry season and 48.9% and 49.9%, respectively, in wet season. Inflow PSD is a unimodal distribution that splits into settling and suspended PSDs, with an indication of particle breakage, as shown by the increased volume of smaller particles and hence the appearance of a bimodal distribution for the suspended particles. Up to 61.5% and 45.2% of particles that fall within the size range of helminths eggs are suspended during dry and wet seasons, respectively, with the potential to be carried in the effluent and to cause contamination.
Highlights
Wastewater contains a mixture of particles with sizes ranging from 0.001 to more than1000 microns
Helminthiasis caused by ascaris, trichiura, and taenia, for example, result in poor health and retarded growth in school children, epileptic seizures, maternal death, and lower efficacy of tuberculosis (TB) vaccination, leading to the placental transfer of TB
The study was conducted in Buguruni pond, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (Figure 1a)
Summary
Wastewater contains a mixture of particles with sizes ranging from 0.001 to more than. The processes normally take place anaerobic and facultative ponds occur(suspended simultaneously concentrations less than mg/L); the processes that normally take place in anaerobic and In this case sedimentation of helminth eggs is expected to occur in the primary facultative pond. These ponds are shallower than anaerobic ponds andcase contain algae that otheris particles to occur inFurthermore, the primary facultative These are shallower than anaerobic pondswith intoexpected the wastewater. Literature shows parasite eggs and cysts and affect their sedimentation [8,17,18,19,20] How these other particles influence that particles in wastewater can interact with parasite eggs and cysts and affect their sedimentation the settling characteristics of eggs is still not clear, as both reduced and increased settling velocities [8,17,18,19,20].
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