EMOTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH A SOMATIC COMPONENT IN HENRYK SIENKIEWICZ’S NOVEL “THE CRUSADERS”

Abstract

The article analyzes the emotional characteristics of phraseological units with a somatic component. It is determined that phraseological compounds containing the names of body parts are somatic phraseological units and constitute a significant part of the vocabulary of the Polish language. It is emphasized that phraseological units with a somatic component are an important lexical group in the Polish language. It was determined that the increase in somatic phraseological units in the resource of Polish idioms reflects their ability to create new idiomatic units. It has been established that the author used a large number of phraseological units with a somatic component in the novel by Henryk Sienkiewicz. It is noted that phraseological units with a somatic component make it possible to realize and understand how an understanding of the picture of the world is formed in a person through a somatic code, in particular, such linguistic units contain cultural information, collective cultural memory. Such a verbalized somatic component is represented by linguistic units that characterize not only a person, but also his physiological, mental and emotional spheres. The article analyzes more than 200 phraseological units with a somatic component and identifies 10 thematic blocks, in particular, joy, anger, love, suffering, anxiety, surprise, contempt, fear, sadness, despair. Attention is focused on phraseological units with a somatic component: heart, eyes, face, because these lexemes clearly convey emotions. During the analysis, the main function of somatisms was determined – emotional. The meaning of phraseological units with a somatic component in the novel “The Crusaders” by Henryk Sienkiewicz is analyzed. The use of phraseological units with a somatic component by the author is associated with their linguistic properties: imagery, expressiveness, anthropocentricity, the ability to create and complement the corresponding positive or negative verbal image of the hero.