Abstract

Transportation is a vital necessity without which the entire world would come to a standstill. The fossil fuels used to power transportation are consumed at rates of approximately 100,000 times their rate of natural formation, and their consumption subjects the human environment and ecosystem to significant damage. As substitutes for fossil-based diesel, second-generation biodiesels can eliminate many of the challenges concerning first-generation biodiesels in terms of their high cost and the food versus fuel debate. The seeds of the date palm tree have significant oil content and are a promising prospective energy source. This study investigated the potential environmental benefits of this biofuel in terms of diesel tailpipe emission reduction. The various blends of palm date biodiesel were produced and matched to fuel standard requirements, resulting in four standard-compatible blends that were tested in a diesel engine at varying operating conditions for speed and load. Although the biodiesel emissions had lower concentrations of CO2, CO, and HC relative to fossil diesel, higher concentrations of NOx were detected. The results suggest that date-seed biodiesel could become a sustainable energy source for the transport sector, although further technical and economic investigations will be required before its wide deployment.

Highlights

  • In the current era of fast and significant global transition in which prosperity and planetary health are both primary concerns, it is necessary for countries to secure, stabilize, and optimize their energy resources [1]

  • None of the principal diesel engine emissions shown in Figure have adverse climate

  • CO2, none of the principal diesel engine emissions shown in Figure 2 have adverse climate

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Summary

Introduction

In the current era of fast and significant global transition in which prosperity and planetary health are both primary concerns, it is necessary for countries to secure, stabilize, and optimize their energy resources [1]. Fuel emissions are a significant health risk, inducing, for example, an estimated 600,000 premature deaths in European Union countries in 2010 alone and a corresponding morbidity of $1.575 trillion [3]. These security and environmental challenges have been exacerbated by the steep rise in the demand for fossil liquid fuels.

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