PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION ANALYSIS OF DIESEL ENGINE WITH SUN FLOWER OIL AND DIESEL BLENDS

Abstract

Increasing number of automobiles has led to increase in demand of fossil fuels (petroleum). The increasing cost of petroleum is another concern for developing countries as it will increase their import bill. The world is also presently confronted with the problem of fossil fuel depletion and environmental degradation. Fossil fuels have limited life and the ever increasing cost of these fuels has led to the search of alternative renewable fuels for ensuring energy security and environmental protection. In this project an experimental work has been carried out to estimate the performance and emission analysis of a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine with sun flower oil and diesel blends. Tests have been conducted using the bio diesel blends B10, B20, B30 and B100 Bio diesel with standard diesel at an engine speed 1500rpm at different load conditions. The performance parameters include Brake thermal efficiency (BTE), Specific fuel consumption (SFC) and Exhaust gas temperature. The combustion parameters include Heat release rate and Cylinder pressure. The exhaust gas emission is found to contain Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydro Carbon (HC), Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and Smoke density. The results of the experimental works have been compared with different blends of bio diesel. Keywords- Biodiesel, Sunflower oil, Performance, Combustion, Emission. I. INTRODUCTON Increasing number of automobiles has led to increase in demand of fossil fuels (petroleum). The increasing cost of petroleum is another concern for developing countries as it will increase their import bill. The world is also presently confronted with the problem of fossil fuel depletion and environmental degradation. Fossil fuels have limited life and the ever increasing cost of these fuels has led to the search of alternative renewable fuels for ensuring energy security and environmental protection. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of sunflower oil biodiesel fuels on engine performance and to investigate the effect of emission in sunflower oil on engine performance. A single cylinder, 4 stroke, direct injection diesel engine has been used to measure the general performance of biodiesel and traditional Diesel. Diesel engines are used in agriculture, transportation, and industries. The known petroleum reserves are predicted to become depleted in the near future. Emissions from petroleum diesel exert negative effects on the environment. The drive towards clean energy economy is therefore both indispensable and inevitable. Biodiesel is an attractive alternative to fossil fuels; it is biodegradable, non-toxic and has low emission profiles as compared to petroleum fuels. Biodiesel is carbon-neutral. The amount released CO2 by burning biodiesel is the same amount CO2 absorbed during the formation of the raw material. 1.1 BIODIESEL Biodiesel as a vegetable oil, biodegradable and nontoxic, has low emission profiles and so is environmentally beneficial. Biodiesel is a chemically produced vegetable oil to replace the traditional Diesel fuel. The chemical process is known as transesterfication and consists of treating vegetable oils, like soybean, sunflower and rapeseed, with reactants (methanol or ethanol) to obtain a methyl or ethyl ester and glycerol. In transesterfication, one ester is converted to another. The