Abstract
Emission of the odour substances from fertilizer industry Mineral fertilizers are indispensable for the intensification of plant production in agriculture. This process can cause a significant odour nuisance for the environment due to organic compounds content in apatites and phosphorites converted into fertilizers. The following chemical compounds are emitted to the gas phase among others: hydrogen sulphide, organic sulphides and (methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, butyl) disulphides, chain hydrocarbons, organic oils, waxes and carboxylic acids. A method using gas chromatography analysis with the mass detector (TD-GS-MS), to determine trace concentrations, was developed and tested for the assessment of odour nuisant substances emission from these processes. Application of additional thermal desorber to enable the intense desorption of the investigated organic compounds (previously adsorbed on classical sorbents) in the industrial research has been taken into consideration. In effect it facilitates the accumulating substances to be analyzed at short time interval providing identifying measurements. The technique has been verified during the investigation of the substances emitted in fertilizers processes at Maroko phosphorite decomposition. The organic sulfur compounds, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons have been detected.
Highlights
Mineral fertilizers, applied in large amounts in agriculture, are produced in the chemical technological processes in which mineral resources are transformed
The largest amounts of phosphates precipitated into the solid phase were produced in aqueous environment with the activity of the following factors: concentration of withered organic matter of organism origin, occurrence of temperature gradients in aqueous environment, concentration of other chemicals like chlorides, carbon dioxide as well as pH value
In spite of the reduction of volatile fluorine and SOx compounds emission, chemicals that were thought to be the most harmful gaseous pollutions so far, undesirable odours, which occur in surroundings of industrial phosphorous raw materials processing installations, are still the cause of people complaints about the quality of the environment
Summary
Józef Hoffmann1*, Gra¿yna Gryglewicz[2], Krystyna Hoffmann[1], Stanis3aw Gryglewicz[2], Wiktor Okereke[2], Jakub Skut[1]. Mineral fertilizers are indispensable for the intensification of plant production in agriculture. This process can cause a significant odour nuisance for the environment due to organic compounds content in apatites and phosphorites converted into fertilizers. The following chemical compounds are emitted to the gas phase among others: hydrogen sulphide, organic sulphides and (methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, butyl) disulphides, chain hydrocarbons, organic oils, waxes and carboxylic acids. A method using gas chromatography analysis with the mass detector (TD-GS-MS), to determine trace concentrations, was developed and tested for the assessment of odour nuisant substances emission from these processes. The technique has been verified during the investigation of the substances emitted in fertilizers processes at Maroko phosphorite decomposition. The organic sulfur compounds, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons have been detected
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