Emission Inventory of Pollutants (CO, SO2, PM2.5, and NOX) In Jakarta Indonesia

Abstract

Emission inventory of pollutants (CO, SO2, PM2,5, and NOx) from various sectors included power plants, road transportation, industry, and residential and commercial was conducted in Jakarta for the year 2005-2015. Emissions load of these pollutants was calculated using Gains (Greenhouse gas model - Air pollution Interactions and Synergies) model, based on energy used. Control technology was also applied for pollutants emitted from power plant, industry as well as residential and commercial, while control of EURO II and EURO III were considered for transportation sector. Emission inventory result shows that in 2015, the total emission load for NOx, and CO were estimated around 52.9 kton and 143.9 kton respectively. The biggest contributor to these pollutants were from road transportation sector which contributed of 57%, and 93% for NOx, and CO respectively. From transportation sector, heavy duty vehicles is the biggest contributor of NOx and BC emission, while for CO is mostly emitted from motorcycles. While total emission load for PM2.5 in Jakarta is about 4.6 kton, and it is mostly emitted from road transportation and industrial combustion sectors which are 2.1 kton (46%) and 0.4 kton (43%), respectively. The heavy duty vehicles was still the highest contributor of PM2.5 emission in the transport sector. The total SO2 emission load is 19.7 kton, and it is mostly released from industrial combustion that contribute almost 67% of total emission.