Abstract
Road traffic is known to be a major contributor to airborne emissions, mainly for emissions of NOx and small particulate matter (pm). This is the case for current situations and will prevail in the future. Emission estimates for this emission group are based on simple models using emission factors and activity data. Activity data (e. g. vehicle kilometres travelled) is a question of data acquisition, but the emission factors are a question of scientific knowledge. This article is therefore mainly concerned with the nature of emission factors. Ideally these factors should reflect the emission behaviour of a single vehicle or an “averaged” vehicle according to a specific vehicle fleet, and that of a particular type of driving behaviour. There are two questions which have to be dealt with (1) Is the current vehicle fleet correctly represented in the emission factors? (2) How accurately do the emission factors represent real world driving emissions?
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