Abstract
Expansion and intensification of global trade in horticultural plants has increased the risk of spread of new alien pathogen species in the EU. Alien species of pathogenic viruses and viroids in horticultural plants have been introduced into Finland in infected plant material (plants, seedlings, cuttings, tubers, seeds). By 1997, about 30 virus species of horticultural plants had been detected in Finland. We aimed at compiling emerging new virus and viroid records during 1997-2010. Eight new viruses belonging to tospo-, potex-, poty-, tymo-, ilar- and allexiviruses were detected in horticultural plants: four occurred in greenhouse crops, two in vegetables and two in garden ornamentals outdoors. Five new findings of viroids were made in ornamental and vegetable greenhouse crops during 2008-2009. More rapid and accurate diagnostic methods have contributed to identifying new alien pathogens. Global trade seems to be the main reason for the introduction of the newest virus and viroid pathogens into Finland.;
Highlights
Expansion and intensification of global trade in horticultural plants has increased the risk of new alien species invasion in the European Union (EU)
Apple mosaic virus was earlier detected based on symptoms in apple trees in Finland (Bremer 1985), but this was the first time it was detected by ELISA and PCR methods in hops in Garlic virus B and C
The clone was infected with Garlic virus B (GarV-B) and in addition three aphid transmissible viruses; Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV), Shallot latent virus (SLV) and Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV)
Summary
MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Plant Production Research, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland. MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Plant Production Research, Antinniementie 1, FI-41330 Vihtavuori, Finland. Expansion and intensification of global trade in horticultural plants has increased the risk of spread of new alien pathogen species in the European Union (EU). Alien species of pathogenic viruses and viroids in horticultural plants have been introduced into Finland in infected plant material (plants, seedlings, cuttings, tubers, seeds). By 1997, about 30 virus species of horticultural plants had been detected in Finland. Eight new viruses belonging to tospo-, potex-, poty-, tymo-, ilar- and allexiviruses were detected in horticultural plants: four occurred in greenhouse crops, two in vegetables and two in garden ornamentals outdoors. Global trade seems to be the main reason for the introduction of the newest virus and viroid pathogens into Finland. Key-words: allexi-, ilar-, potex-, poty-, tospo- and tymovirus, viroid, ELISA, PCR, sequencing
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